I. Definition of Hepatitis B Viral Hepatitis B z referred to as Hepatitis B {is the inflammatory damage to the liver caused by the Hepatitis B Virus z referred to as HBV {is the most widely prevalent and harmful infectious disease in our country at present. Hepatitis B virus is a globular deoxyribonucleic acid zDNA {virus, there is the outer membrane, nuclear shell, core protein and DNA polymerase, as well as the viral gene DNA composition, the DNA of the virus is the virus can reproduce and infect the human body of the key components. Second, the clinical manifestations of hepatitis B Most of the weakness, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal distension and changes in bowel movements z diarrhea or constipation {, some cases have a low-grade fever, jaundice, about half of the patients with insidious onset of the disease, detected in the checkup. Laboratory tests show abnormal liver function, positive hepatitis B surface antigen, positive hepatitis B e antigen or e antibody, and positive HBVDNA. C. Disease Progression of Hepatitis B According to the age of infection, there are two types of natural progression of hepatitis B. One is infection in early childhood and the other is infection in adulthood. After months or years of infection in adults, some patients can recover and a few become chronically infected. In neonatal and infantile infections, more than 90G become chronic. Initially z immune tolerance phase {asymptomatic, symptoms and elevated ALT in young adulthood z immune clearance phase {. After several years or decades, the condition may resolve or stabilize on its own, or recur repeatedly, or even progress to cirrhosis or liver cancer. IV. Infectious Sources, Transmission Methods and Routes of Hepatitis B Infectious Sources Acute hepatitis B patients Chronic hepatitis B patients Asymptomatic chronic hepatitis B virus carriers Transmission Methods and Routes Mother-to-child transmission Blood transmission Sexual transmission General daily contact, such as talking, shaking hands, embracing, having a meal, working in an office and so on, will not transmit the hepatitis B virus. V. Prevention of Hepatitis B At this stage, the best means of preventing Hepatitis B for healthy people, especially those family members around the patients who may be threatened at any time, is to receive Hepatitis B vaccination. At present, the recombinant hepatitis B vaccine is adopted for infants to be vaccinated once at 0, 1 and 6 months, and 3 times in total. Sixth, the clinical significance of major triple positive and minor triple positive The so-called ‘major triple positive’ and ‘minor triple positive’ is a kind of less standardized name. In the serum virology index test HBSAg, HBeAg, anti-HBc three positive is called triple positive; and HBSAg, anti-HBe, anti-HBc three positive is called small triple positive. The large triple positive usually indicates active viral replication, often accompanied by positive hepatitis B virus DNA, indicating a strong contagious; small triple positive and if the hepatitis B virus DNA negative or low level, indicating that the patient is in the state of low viral replication, low contagious. However, regardless of whether the test result is triple positive or triple positive, it is important to see whether the quantitative test of hepatitis B DNA is positive. positive HBVDNA indicates that viral replication is still active, and the patient’s condition may be progressing faster, which needs to be paid attention to. Seven, the correct treatment goal of chronic hepatitis B Hepatitis B virus continuous replication is the root cause of the development and progression of hepatitis B. The correct treatment goal is to suppress the virus for a long period of time, to continue the progression of the disease to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, and ultimately to achieve long-term control of the disease. Antiviral treatment is the key to the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Therefore, chronic hepatitis B patients should actively undergo systematic and standardized antiviral treatment as long as they meet the treatment conditions. How to get ideal antiviral treatment effect Go to regular hospitals and receive treatment under the guidance of experienced specialists. Follow the doctor’s instructions to start and stop taking medication, and do not stop taking medication at will. Regularly check liver function and viral markers in the hospital. Adhere to long-term antiviral treatment IX. Currently used drugs for antiviral treatment At present, internationally widely recognized anti-hepatitis B virus drugs include interferon, lamivudine, adefovir, entecavir and so on. Long-term treatment with these drugs can maximally inhibit viral replication, improve the degree of inflammation in the liver, reduce the incidence of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, and improve the quality of life and survival rate of the patients.