Chronic heavy drinking is a serious social problem facing our country, and excessive alcohol consumption is extremely harmful to human health. In addition to the well-known effects of alcohol on the liver, alcohol also has a wide range of effects on the endocrine system. Short-term alcohol consumption does not affect blood levels of thyroid hormone and TSH. However, when alcohol is consumed in large doses over a long period of time, the high concentration of alcohol causes lipid peroxidation of the cell membrane, resulting in damage to the thyroid follicles, a decrease in blood levels of FT3 and FT4, and an increase in TSH due to the negative feedback effect of FT3 and FT4, which means that long-term heavy alcohol consumption can lead to hypothyroidism. Chronic alcoholism caused by long-term heavy drinking can cause atypical pseudo-Cushing’s syndrome, with elevated blood cortisol in a minority of people; while in another part of long-term heavy drinkers, the blood ethanol concentration is maintained at a high level, and ethanol can damage the adrenal cortex due to its lipophilic and lipid peroxidation effects, resulting in a decrease in blood cortisol levels. Long-term alcohol consumption in men can lead to hypogonadism, decreased testosterone concentration in the blood, increased pituitary luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone, and even lead to testicular atrophy and reduced sperm production and infertility. This is because alcohol directly affects the testosterone synthesis process, so that testosterone synthesis is reduced; on the other hand, it inhibits the release of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone, affecting the function of the hypothalamus and pituitary gonadal axis, so that the level of testosterone decreases, due to the negative feedback regulation of testosterone makes the blood luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone rise. In summary, long-term heavy alcohol consumption can damage the secretory functions of the thyroid, adrenal cortex, testes and pituitary gland, seriously affecting the health of drinkers and their offspring.