About 8% of women of childbearing age in China are chronically HBV infected, and 1/3 of them are chronic hepatitis B patients. Can these women of childbearing age get pregnant? What do they need to pay attention to if they are pregnant? How can mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B be interrupted? The newly published 2015 edition of China’s guidelines for the prevention and treatment of chronic hepatitis B has refined and stratified recommendations on these issues. Patients with chronic hepatitis B who have fertility requirements before pregnancy and have indications for treatment should try to be treated with interferon or nucleoside (acid) analogs (NA) before pregnancy, with a view to completing treatment 6 months before pregnancy, Wei Ping, Department of Infection, Wuhan Union Medical College Hospital. Reliable contraception should be used during the treatment period. In patients with hepatitis B exacerbations during pregnancy, mild elevations in ALT can be closely observed; in those with more severe liver lesions, antiviral therapy with tenofovir or tipifudin can be used after full communication with the patient and weighing the pros and cons. For patients with unintended pregnancy during antiviral therapy, termination of pregnancy is recommended for those applying interferon therapy. If the drug used is pregnancy class B (tenbivudine or tenofovir) or lamivudine (lamivudine, which is a pregnancy class C drug, has a large number of clinical applications proving its safety), treatment can continue; if the drug used is entecavir and adefovir, it is necessary to switch to tenofovir or tenbivudine to continue treatment, and termination of pregnancy is not recommended. To further reduce mother-to-child transmission of HBV, HBVDNA load greater than 2×106 IU/ml in the middle and late stages of pregnancy, tenofovir, tenbivudine or lamivudine can be given starting from the 28th week of pregnancy under full communication and weighing the pros and cons, and it is recommended to stop the drug 1 to 3 months after delivery, and breastfeeding can be done after stopping the drug. After pregnancy, newborns of HBsAg-positive mothers should be given hepatitis B immunoglobulin at a dose of ≥ 100 IU within 24 hours of birth, preferably within 12 hours of birth, and hepatitis B vaccination at different sites, with the second and third doses of hepatitis B vaccine given at 1 and 6 months of age, respectively, to significantly improve the effect of interrupting mother-to-child transmission. Newborns can receive breastfeeding from HBsAg-positive mothers after receiving hepatitis B immunoglobulin and hepatitis B vaccine within 12 hours of birth. In a domestic study: 309 pregnant mothers with HBV DNA > 106 IU/mL received NA treatment from 28 weeks of gestation until 4 weeks postpartum, and all newborns were immunized with a combination of hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immune globulin, and the results showed that none of the newborns were infected with HBV.