There are more than 60 kinds of diseases that cause neck lumps, which may be thyroid disorders, malignant tumors, congenital and benign disorders, so we must pay attention to them. According to clinical cases, some people often ignore the danger of neck lumps after finding them because they are not painful, thus causing delay in diagnosis and treatment. If the neck lump is a malignant tumor, once the opportunity of early diagnosis and treatment is lost, when the disease develops further and then goes to the doctor, it is often in advanced stage and it is difficult to obtain satisfactory treatment effect. Even for some benign tumors, if they are not treated in time, the treatment may become difficult because of the growth of the mass or complications. If benign thyroid disease is not treated in time, it may turn into thyroid cancer or combined with hyperthyroidism after a long time, which makes treatment difficult or even incurable. The most common inflammatory diseases of the neck include acute and chronic cervical lymphadenitis and cervical lymphatic tuberculosis; common benign tumors include thyroid tumors, capillary hemangioma, cavernous hemangioma and mixed hemangioma, lymphangioleioma, submandibular gland cyst, sublingual gland cyst, chronic submandibular adenitis, parotid cleft cyst, thyroglossal duct cyst, dermatomal and epidermis-like cyst, nerve sheath tumor, lipoma, fibroma, carotid body tumor The most common primary malignant tumors are: malignant lymphoma, malignant tumors of salivary gland (35% are adenoid cystic carcinoma, followed by malignant mixed tumors, mucous epidermis-like carcinoma each accounting for about 20%, and the remaining 25% are epidermis-like carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma and adenoid blast cell carcinoma, etc.). The most common metastatic mass in the neck is the nasopharyngeal carcinoma neck mass, which is often enlarged gradually with the earlobe as the center, and the mass is hard, mostly on one side at the beginning, but later on both sides can be palpated with different sizes without pressure pain. However, patients are often accompanied by unilateral nasal congestion, tinnitus, morning nasal discharge with a little blood, and nasopharyngeal asymmetry or neoplastic organisms can be seen by doctors’ examination. Other malignant tumors that often cause cervical lymph node metastasis include those from the thyroid gland, nasal sinus, external and middle ear, larynx, hypopharynx and oral cavity, etc. The masses located in the lower neck often originate from malignant tumors of the lung, stomach and esophagus. Kidney cancer and ovarian cancer have also been found to have metastasized to the neck. If the lump is located in the upper part of the midline of the neck, you can stretch your tongue in front of the mirror, and the lump will shrink when you stretch your tongue, which can be initially judged as congenital thyroglossal cyst. If the mass can move up and down with the larynx, the mass is likely to be of thyroid origin. In cystic hydatid tumors of the neck, because the contents are transparent lymphatic fluid, irradiation of the mass with a flashlight against the mass can reveal a translucent mass; if the mass shrinks after pressure and is released, it is more likely to be a spongy hemangioma. One clinical feature that can help people make preliminary self-diagnosis is the rule of three “7s”, which has some reference value for the preliminary identification of neck masses: those with onset within 7 days are mostly inflammatory diseases, those with onset between 7 weeks and 7 months are mostly tumors, and those with onset over 7 years are mostly congenital malformations. The chance of occurrence varies with age: children and young people are most likely to have benign inflammatory lymph node enlargement or congenital cysts, but in adults over 40 years old, the possibility of tumor is higher. Once a lump is found in the neck, a detailed examination should be done at the hospital promptly. Based on the analysis of a large number of clinical cases of neck lumps, we found that neck lumps have a pattern, i.e. 80% pattern: the first 80% pattern: non-thyroidal lumps in neck lumps account for 80% and thyroid lumps account for 20%; the second 80% pattern: tumor lumps account for 80%, inflammatory lumps, congenital malformations and others account for 20%; the third 80% pattern: non-thyroidal lumps in neck lumps account for The fourth 80% rule: 80% of malignant tumors are metastatic and 20% are primary; the fifth 80% rule: 80% of metastatic malignant tumors originate from otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery and 20% from distant metastases. The sixth 80% rule: 80% of metastatic malignant tumors originated from otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery and 20% from other parts of otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery. According to the above, in order for patients to receive timely and proper treatment, once a neck lump is found, the first step should be to go to a hospital for otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery.