Many parents unintentionally find that their children have a few small bags on their necks, the size of peanuts, slippery to the touch, thinking that it is something long, and then rushed to bring to the hospital. After the doctor saw them, they were confirmed to be lymph nodes, but many parents were still very nervous because many people have heard of some serious diseases related to “lymph”, such as lymphoma, leukemia, etc. Why would their children have lymph nodes? Does it matter? Many parents have questions about whether they should be treated. When the invading bacteria and viruses enter the lymph nodes from the lymphatic vessels, most of them can be filtered and cleared by the lymph nodes on the one hand, and on the other hand, they can stimulate the immune system of human body to cause immune response, including reactive hyperplasia of lymph nodes. Therefore, lymph nodes are both a barrier and an alarm. After birth, children are exposed to various pathogens, and their immune system is constantly improving and maturing in contact with pathogens. Because these parts are relatively exposed and easier to be found, and probably because upper respiratory tract infections are common in children, lymph nodes in these areas are often stimulated by inflammation and tend to proliferate, and this proliferation process will continue until puberty, and then the lymph nodes will slowly shrink and gradually become less palpable, so adults can rarely feel lymph nodes. According to some statistics, about half of children can feel lymph nodes, so if your child feels them, there is no need to be nervous, as most of them are normal hyperplasia. Most normal lymph nodes are the size of soybean or peanut rice, with smooth surface and soft texture, which can slide, and are not painful to touch, and the child will not have other discomfort. If this is the case, dynamic observation can be done, and neither injection nor antibiotics are needed, and there is no need to take any Chinese medicine. What we need to be alert to are those abnormal lymph node changes. It is usually considered that when the diameter of lymph nodes in the neck and armpit exceeds 1 cm, and the diameter of lymph nodes in the groin area exceeds 1.5 cm, the lymph nodes are abnormally enlarged. If the swelling does not subside, or if the lymph nodes increase rapidly within a week or two, or if several lymph nodes fuse into a mass and become particularly hard and cannot slide, or if the child has other physical symptoms at the same time, then you should be careful and seek medical examination to determine if there is a problem and what the cause is before deciding whether to treat it. There are many reasons for abnormal lymph node changes, the most common being infections, including common bacterial and viral infections, but also specific bacterial, viral and other pathogenic infections, which require anti-infection or symptomatic treatment. There are also some possible manifestations of autoimmune diseases, malignant tumors and other diseases, such as the aforementioned lymphoma, leukemia, etc. This is also the most worrying problem for parents, although it is relatively rare, but it is more troublesome when encountered and requires detailed examination by doctors to investigate. Of course, not all small bags on the head and neck are necessarily lymph nodes, but some are abnormal masses such as dermatomal cysts, periosteal cysts, thyroglossal duct cysts, sebaceous gland cysts, trichoblastoma and so on, which usually need to be removed surgically.