Osteoporosis is a common disease among middle-aged and elderly people, and its development can easily lead to fracture and spinal wedge deformation, which seriously affects the quality of life. Proper understanding of the etiology of osteoporosis, the evolution of the disease and the mechanism of action of commonly used drugs is necessary for a chronic disease like osteoporosis. The most fundamental pathophysiological basis of osteoporosis is excessive bone resorption and reduced osteogenesis, with the former being the main cause. The corresponding therapeutic drugs are divided into two categories: 1) bone resorption inhibitors to reduce further bone loss, such as diphosphonates (Fosamax, Gubang) and calcitonin (MIGA, Icariin); 2) bone mineralization promoters to promote bone calcium deposition and increase bone mass, such as vitamin D and calcium agents (Rogaine, Alfadex, Calcium D). So the standard treatment of osteoporosis should include both of the above. The differences between vitamin D and calcium drugs are difficult and are summarized as follows: osteotriol (rogaine) is 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3; alpha osteotriol (alfadex) is 1α-hydroxyvitamin D3. -The most complete hydroxylation of vitamin D3 is the active body, which can take effect immediately after entering the body and is therefore sold at a high price. alpha osteopontin (Alfadex III) has to be hydroxylated in the liver and then transformed into 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (Rogaine) to exert pharmacological effects. Therefore, if the patient does not have abnormal liver function, alpha osteogenol (Alfadex III) can be given; if the liver and kidneys are good, a common vitamin D + calcium combination (Calcium D) is also very economical.