How are giant hemangiomas treated minimally invasively?

Hepatic hemangioma, also known as hemangioma of the liver, intrahepatic hemangioma, and hepatic obstruction in Chinese medicine, is a common benign tumor of the liver associated with congenital abnormalities in development, mainly divided into cavernous hemangioma, sclerosing hemangioma, vascular endothelioma and capillary hemangioma. The most common type of hemangioma is cavernous hemangioma. In terms of size, number and location, they can be divided into small hepatic hemangiomas and giant hepatic hemangiomas; single hepatic hemangiomas and multiple hepatic hemangiomas; left lobe hemangiomas and right lobe hemangiomas. What we generally refer to as hepatic hemangioma is cavernous hemangioma. It can occur at any age, but most hepatic hemangiomas are found in adults and are more common in women than men between the ages of 30 and 60. They vary in size and can occupy the entire abdominal cavity in large cases. Most of them are smaller than 4 cm and are often multiple. They can occur in both the left and right lobes of the liver, with the right lobe being more common. The tumor may appear in any part of the liver and is often located under the peritoneum, with a diameter of less than 4 cm, but may be as small as a few mm or as large as 30 cm. Sometimes thrombosis and scarring can be seen within the hemangioma, and occasionally calcification. Microscopically, hemangioma is a network of empty spaces lined with flattened endothelial cells of different sizes, containing red blood cells, and sometimes fresh mechanized thrombi. The tumor is clearly demarcated from the surrounding tissue. Clinical manifestations: most of the tumors less than 4 cm are asymptomatic and are often found by chance during physical examination and abdominal ultrasound; about 40% of the tumors above 4 cm are associated with abdominal discomfort, hepatomegaly, loss of appetite and indigestion. Hepatic hemangioma often contains mechanized thrombus which may cause repeated thrombosis and swelling of the tumor, causing Glisson′s peritoneal traction and distension. The masses vary in softness and firmness, with varying degrees of compressibility, and a few have a firm nodular feel. The masses rarely rupture spontaneously. Liver function is generally normal. The rare syndromes of large hemangiomas are consumptive coagulation disorder, thrombocytopenia and hypofibrinemia. 1.Interventional embolization before embolization after embolization 2.Radiofrequency ablation