Recently, it became one of the first group elected as the “Joint Project of Emerging Frontier Technologies for Municipal Hospitals” of Shanghai Shenkang Hospital Development Center, “Living Liver Transplantation for End-Stage Liver Disease” passed the acceptance and was recognized as outstanding. For a long time, liver transplantation has been the only effective way to treat end-stage liver disease in children, and has been successfully performed for more than 40 diseases so far. Its indications are mostly congenital diseases such as biliary atresia, cirrhosis, and fulminant liver failure. And among these, biliary atresia is a very vulnerable indication for liver transplantation. In China, there are about 1500 new cases each year. Due to the late start of this technology in China, insufficient awareness of the parents of the children and various economic and social factors as well as surgical difficulties to overcome, there are few reports and lack of continuity and systematization in this field in China, especially in mainland China. The overall survival rate is low compared to that of the United States, where living liver transplantation in children has been performed earlier. At the same time, the focus in China is beginning to be on long-term outcomes and long-term health status after surgery, which is also the biggest challenge facing the global pediatric transplant community. Thus, there is an urgent need to establish a complete set of safe and efficient treatment system including pre-surgical donor-recipient selection, surgical techniques, perioperative management, individualized immunosuppression protocols, and long-term quality of life assessment in mainland China, so as to promote the implementation of pediatric, especially infant, living liver transplantation in China. According to Xia Qiang, director of the organ transplantation department of Renji Hospital, the project has completed a large number of high-quality infant living liver transplants in a short period of time since its inception in 2006. 33 infant living liver transplants have been completed so far, accounting for 22% of all pediatric liver transplants in China during the same period, including 23 cases less than 1 year old, accounting for 39% of all pediatric liver transplants in China during the same period. In particular, biliary atresia liver transplantation accounts for 48% of all liver transplants in China during the same period. The 1-year survival rate was 83.1%, while the overall 1-year survival rate of pediatric liver transplantation in China was 73%, including 57% for children younger than 1 year old. This shows that we are a leader in China in terms of quantity and quality. It is important to emphasize that the innovation of this project is that by joining forces and complementing each other’s strengths, a set of clinical operation specifications for pediatric liver transplantation suitable for Chinese conditions has been established, a pediatric liver transplantation team unique in China has been trained, and a multidisciplinary collaboration mechanism has been formed. The great brand benefits have increased international and domestic exchanges and cooperation, promoted scientific research and overall discipline development, and raised the level of liver surgery in China. It is reported that the team led by Xia Qiang is also commissioned by the Ministry of Health to carry out research on the topic of “Technical Specification for Clinical Application of Living Liver Transplantation in China”, invited by the Chinese Medical Association Organ Transplantation Society in 2009 to formulate “Guidelines for Clinical Application of Immunosuppressants after Liver Transplantation”, “Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Rejection after Liver Transplantation”, and has officially published and released the first set of video of living liver transplantation for infants and children in China. At present, the team has published 32 related papers, including 13 SCI-indexed papers. The lead unit of the project, Renji Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, together with Shanghai Children’s Medical Center and Shanghai Children’s Hospital, formed a multidisciplinary pediatric liver transplantation team including transplantation surgery, ICU, anesthesia, pediatric surgery, imaging and gastroenterology over a period of 3 years to establish a set of clinical operation specifications for pediatric living liver transplantation suitable for China’s national conditions, so that infants and children with end-stage liver disease can be transplanted through standardized surgery. children with liver disease through standardized pre-surgical evaluation, surgical planning, perfect post-surgical management, as well as systematic long-term follow-up and quality of life assessment of infants and children, which greatly reduces the risk of surgery and lights up their lives. It is understood that this project not only fills the gap in this field in China, but also lays the foundation for establishing a database of pediatric liver transplantation patient information in China.