Azoospermia is a common causative factor of male infertility and was once considered an incurable disease among infertility due to the fact that it is difficult for a clever woman to cook without rice. However, with the advancement of medical technology, especially the rapid development of assisted reproduction technology, more and more azoospermia patients have been given the hope of having children. However, due to the lack of medical knowledge, many patients still have some misconceptions in the consultation process. Many azoospermia patients come into the clinic and ask the doctor if they can be artificially inseminated, as if artificial insemination is the only way for them to have children. Depending on the pathogenesis, azoospermia can be divided into obstructive azoospermia and non-obstructive azoospermia. As the name implies, obstructive azoospermia refers to azoospermia caused by normal testicular spermatogenesis and obstruction of the vas deferens; non-obstructive azoospermia refers to azoospermia caused by low testicular spermatogenesis and open vas deferens. Obstructive azoospermia is usually caused by inflammation, trauma, congenital developmental abnormalities, vasectomy, etc.; while non-obstructive azoospermia is usually caused by chromosomal abnormalities, endocrine abnormalities or physical and chemical factors such as receiving radiotherapy. Patients with obstructive azoospermia can usually obtain sperm through epididymal or testicular puncture, which can be used to obtain their own children through IVF technology, or to remove the obstruction through surgery to restore natural fertility. After a comprehensive examination of patients with non-obstructive azoospermia to clarify the cause, some patients can also produce sperm through treatment and thus get their own blood relatives. Only a few non-obstructive azoospermia caused by chromosomal abnormalities and other reasons have no effective treatment and require conception through donor insemination. At the same time, because of the potential risks of ethical aspects such as inbreeding in donor insemination, patients with azoospermia are advised to always go to a regular hospital for a comprehensive examination before choosing an appropriate treatment plan.