Swollen and painful joints cannot be called gout because there are many causes of swollen and painful joints, and gout is only one of the causes of swollen and painful joints. Gout is a specific metabolic disease in which there is usually a metabolic defect in the body. When the body consumes too much purine-containing food, uric acid is produced during the metabolic process. When uric acid production increases and the amount of water consumed is low, urine discharge is affected and uric acid is deposited in the joints, causing joint pain, known as gouty arthritis. The causes of joint swelling and pain include degenerative arthritis, traumatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gouty arthritis, so joint swelling and pain cannot be called gout. For the treatment of gouty arthritis, patients need to pay attention to the intake of water and limit the intake of protein-based foods.