The prevalence of osteoporosis in the elderly is increasing as we age, with decreasing bone mass and destruction of bone microstructure. On because the spine is the main structure that bears the weight of the body, the adverse consequences of osteoporosis are mainly manifested in the vertebral bones. Osteoporosis is prone to fractures and other adverse consequences 1, body compression fractures: very often, even in the case of minor trauma or no trauma, the elderly with osteoporosis are prone to fractures. The slightest impact can cause compression fracture of the thoracolumbar spine; once the fracture occurs, it will immediately produce severe pain and force them to stay in bed; once they are bedridden, bone loss will be significantly accelerated and various complications such as bedsores, pneumonia and intestinal paralysis will appear one after another, speeding up the rate of aging and organ function decay. If the corresponding spinal nerve is compressed, radiating pain in the limbs, sensory-motor disorders in both lower limbs, intercostal neuralgia, pain behind the sternum similar to angina pectoris, or epigastric pain similar to acute abdomen, if the spinal cord and cauda equina are compressed, it also affects bladder and rectal function. 2, height shortening: In life, many older people will find that after getting older, the height is a few centimeters shorter than when they were younger. This is mainly due to the gradual loss of bone mass with age, atrophy of vertebral trabeculae, the number of reduced vertebral compression deformation due to weight bearing, because the front of the vertebral body is mostly composed of cancellous bone, so the front first degeneration, vertebral body one by one wedge-shaped compression, especially the 11th and 12th thoracic vertebrae and 3 lumbar vertebrae, the largest load, easy compression deformation, so that the spine tilted forward, forming a hunchback, in order to maintain balance only to bend the knee joint This forms the characteristic standing position of patients with vertebral compression. 3, organ hypofunction: backbend of the spine, resulting in thoracic deformity and abdominal compression, patients can often appear chest tightness, shortness of breath, breathing difficulties, as well as abdominal distension and constipation and other symptoms. 4, pain: this is because the lumbar muscles in order to correct the forward flexion of the spine, double contraction, muscle fatigue or even spasm; pain along the spine to the sides, coughing, bowel exertion aggravated. Osteoporosis should be treated as early as possible Some elderly people believe that “calcium supplementation is enough after osteoporosis” and “less activity is needed to avoid fractures”. In fact, these perceptions are wrong. Professor Zhong suggests that middle-aged and elderly people should have their bone density tested regularly, and once they are diagnosed with osteoporosis, they should undergo standardized treatment under the specific guidance of professional physicians in regular hospitals. For the treatment of osteoporosis patients, calcium supplementation alone may not be enough. At present, the main drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis are calcium preparations, including various types of calcium tablets and oral solutions; drugs to inhibit bone resorption, such as dehydropregnantes, etc.; drugs to promote bone formation, including solidus (tetraenolone capsules), etc.; vitamin drugs, such as rocalciferol (calcitriol). It is recommended to choose under the guidance of a physician. In the past, conservative treatment was generally used for vertebral compression fractures occurring in osteoporosis: absolute bed rest for 3 months. However, prolonged bed rest exacerbated bone loss and other complications, thus creating a vicious cycle. Nowadays, percutaneous translaminar kyphoplasty is a new minimally invasive technique for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures. Instead of a complicated incision and plate and screw fixation procedure, a puncture needle is inserted into the vertebral body under fluoroscopy, an expandable balloon is placed, the compressed and degenerated vertebral body is propped up and compacted, and bone cement is injected to repair the fracture and provide pain relief. The patient’s pain disappears immediately after surgery and he can walk normally. This method is the surgical treatment of choice for vertebral compression fractures because it is less invasive, faster, more effective, and has a quicker recovery.