Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a progressive developmental condition, usually with gait disturbance, cognitive impairment and urinary incontinence triad as the main clinical manifestations. In addition, imaging examinations show enlarged ventricles, widened lateral fissure pool, and hypointense shadow visible in the paraventricular white matter in some patients?while cerebrospinal fluid pressure measurements are usually between 70 and 200 mmH2O (1 mmH2O = 0.0098 kPa). Normal pressure hydrocephalus generally does not heal on its own and requires relative therapeutic measures depending on the condition. For patients with no symptoms and intracranial pressure falling within the normal range, they can be observed regularly. For patients with significant symptoms, they should receive surgical treatment as soon as possible. So, is surgery for normal pressure hydrocephalus risky? Ventriculoperitoneal shunt, which is currently the main surgical method for treating hydrocephalus, is performed to drain excess cerebrospinal fluid from the ventricles into the abdominal or thoracic cavity to be absorbed. Although this procedure is relatively simple, there are many postoperative complications, and blockage of the shunt is a common one, sometimes up to 40% or more. The shunt is made of silicone and usually consists of a long tube, a short tube and a valve. The short tube is responsible for drawing out the intracerebroventricular fluid; then a one-way valve is used to connect the long tube in the middle; and finally the long tube is used to draw out the cerebrospinal fluid into the abdominal cavity. Due to the small diameter of the shunt, it is easy to block the shunt during intraoperative and postoperative operations when epidural hematoma, intracerebral hematoma, and intraventricular hemorrhage occur. In addition, blockage may occur if chronic inflammation or high protein content of cerebrospinal fluid occurs. Therefore, shunts play a vital role in hydrocephalus shunts, and it is recommended to receive treatment at a regular hospital specialized in cerebrospinal fluid to effectively avoid postoperative blockage and other problems.