What is the growth on your baby’s eyelid that looks like a green or yellow bean sized lump, not red, not painful, not itchy? Its name is chalazion. Also known as a chalazion, a chalazion is a chronic inflammation of the lid gland. There are dozens of chalazia glands in each person’s lid, and their glandular drains are located at the lid margin, which is the edge of the eye. If the gland drainage opening is blocked, secretions from the gland cannot be drained, and the secretions accumulate and stimulate the surrounding tissue to proliferate and form cysts. The main characteristic of chalazion is that the disease progresses slowly, from a few weeks to several months. The symptoms are usually mild, and some children may be asymptomatic. Parents often only notice the elevated eyelid surface when the child’s eyes are closed, and without careful observation, the diagnosis can be easily missed. The cause of chalazion is not well understood and may be related to a variety of factors. For example, chronic inflammation of the eyelid, conjunctivitis or blepharitis can cause obstruction of the glandular drainage opening, and children with nutritional imbalances, metabolic disorders, and glandular hypersecretion may be involved. Is surgery necessary to treat chalazion? What are the negative consequences of not having surgery? This is a concern for many parents. Chalazia can occur singly or in multiple growths because there are dozens of chalazia glands and each gland can be affected. Although chalazion is initially asymptomatic, when the mass grows, there is a sensation of foreign body and heaviness on the eyelids. If there is a secondary bacterial infection, it can be difficult to distinguish it from an internal wheals granuloma, which is called a chalazion with infection. The symptoms of internal wheals will quickly subside with the drainage of the abscess, while chalazion with co-infection will subside with anti-inflammatory treatment, the redness and swelling of the eyelid will subside and the hard nodules will continue to exist. Without aggressive treatment, the cyst will develop to a point where it will break down on its own and grow locally like granuloma-like tissue, medically known as a sarcoid. If the granuloma breaks down into the eyelid, the eyeball will feel abrasive; if it breaks down into the skin, it will leave a scar and even cause eyelid deformities such as ectropion, eyelash loss, and eyelash growth. Therefore, chalazion needs to be treated as early as possible. If the cyst is very small or the disease is of short duration, conservative treatment can be carried out first and changes in the condition can be observed. Antibiotic eye ointment should be applied to the affected area 2 to 3 times a day. Local hot compresses can promote local blood circulation and help the cysts to absorb. After several days of conservative treatment, if the cyst does not subside or if the mass is very large when it is first discovered, surgical scraping should be performed to scrape the contents of the cyst. The incision usually does not require sutures and antibiotic eye ointment is applied after surgery. If the chalazion is secondary to infection, anti-inflammatory treatment should be administered first, and surgery should be performed after the inflammation has subsided. Some parents mistakenly believe that chalazion is wheals, and that it will be fine after the mass breaks down and flows pus, and do not seek medical attention in time, thus delaying the best time for treatment and getting bad treatment results.