The treatment of adult hydrocephalus is a seemingly simple but actually very complex disease, the treatment of adult hydrocephalus can be divided into non-surgical treatment and surgical treatment, adult hydrocephalus for non-surgical treatment is suitable for early or less severe, slow development, adult hydrocephalus surgical treatment should strictly grasp the indications for various surgeries, according to the specific situation of different patients to analyze, choose the best surgical plan. Indications for surgical treatment of adult hydrocephalus: Surgical treatment is available for those with progressive hydrocephalus, significantly enlarged skull, and cortical thickness of more than 1 cm; surgical treatment is suitable for cases with high intracerebroventricular pressure (more than 250 mm water column) or failed by non-surgical treatment. For severe hydrocephalus with head circumference over 50 cm and cortical atrophy thickness below 1 cm, surgery is not effective for those who have combined with severe functional impairment and deformity. For those with severe hydrocephalus, low intelligence, blindness, paralysis, obvious atrophy of brain parenchyma, and cortical thickness less than 1 cm, surgery is not advisable. Neuroendoscopy for adult hydrocephalus Neuroendoscopy is a new type of tool to unblock the cerebrospinal fluid circulation pathway, and its outer diameter is only 3.8mm, which is equivalent to the thickness of chopsticks. Because of its soft, thin and flexible nature, a small incision of about 3 cm in the head can be made to unblock a wider range of cerebrospinal fluid circulation pathways, which is a unique advantage in the diagnosis and treatment of hydrocephalus, with less trauma, faster recovery, better results and lower cost. The goal of cerebrospinal fluid shunts for adult hydrocephalus is to establish cerebrospinal fluid circulation and relieve the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid, which can be used for either traffic or non-traffic hydrocephalus. Commonly used shunts include lateral ventricle-cerebellar medullary pool shunt, third ventriculostomy, and lateral ventricle-ventral, superior sagittal sinus, atrium, and external jugular vein shunts.