Minimally invasive intervention for cavernous hemangioma of the liver

  Hepatic cavernous hemangioma (intrahepatic venous malformation) is a benign lesion of the liver and is the most common type of hepatic hemangioma. It is not a true tumor, is an intrahepatic venous malformation, and does not have a tendency to become malignant. The autopsy incidence can be as large as 4-7%. It is usually solitary, but about 10% of patients present with multiple lesions, which can be distributed in one or both lobes of the liver, ranging from a few millimeters to more than 10 centimeters.  Fifty to 70 percent of patients are clinically asymptomatic and are often detected during physical examination. A minority of patients have clinical complaints, including right upper abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and dyspepsia.  CT/MRI examination has 1, stronger specificity for the diagnosis of this disease.  Treatment: In the past, the treatment of hepatic hemangioma was relatively single, with liver resection as the main choice; however, after liver resection, patients have long recovery cycles and high complications, and in recent years, interventional therapy in hemangioma has been widely accepted and has shown good results. Overall the treatment of hemangioma depends on the presence of clinical symptoms and its growth rate, location and size. The main indications for treatment are: 2. Those who are suffering from symptoms associated with this disease.  3. Those who have a ruptured hemangioma that bleeds.  If the mass is larger than 5 cm in diameter and tends to increase in size, or if the mass is located under the liver envelope and is likely to rupture under external forces.  Interventional treatment modes of hepatic cavernous hemangioma mainly include: transhepatic artery sclerosing embolization, radiofrequency ablation of hepatic hemangioma, percutaneous puncture intratumoral injection. Among them, transhepatic arterial sclerosing embolization is more commonly used.  The embolization level of hepatic arteriosclerotic embolization requires reaching the abnormal blood sinuses. Embolization results in endothelial cell necrosis and extensive thrombosis of the blood sinusoids, followed by atrophy and fibrosis, for therapeutic purposes.