Primary hepatocellular carcinoma is usually defined as hepatocellular hepatocellular carcinoma in which the tumor cells originate from epithelial cells, cholangiocellular hepatocellular carcinoma and mixed hepatocellular carcinoma in which both exist. Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor. The causative factors of hepatocellular carcinoma vary from region to region and may be related to cirrhosis, viral hepatitis, mycobacteria and their toxins, chemical carcinogens, parasitic infections and other factors. The clinical picture of primary liver cancer is not typical, and its symptoms are usually not obvious, especially in the early stage of the disease. The progression of liver cancer is more rapid than that of other cancers, and it usually becomes malignant within a few weeks. The common symptoms are vague pain in the liver area, epigastric fullness, loss of appetite, weakness, emaciation, unexplained low fever, and symptoms of cirrhosis such as diarrhea, jaundice, ascites, and bleeding tendency. Some patients may also see signs of cirrhosis, such as spider nevus and liver palm. When metastasis occurs in lung, bone and other places, corresponding signs will appear. Surgical resection is still the first choice treatment to prolong the survival of liver cancer patients. Radiofrequency, freezing, microwave and other treatments are also available for liver cancer. When small liver cancer with cirrhosis without vascular cancer embolism and poor liver function is present, liver transplantation is feasible. For middle and late stage hepatocellular carcinoma or those who cannot be removed, interventional embolization, radiotherapy, systemic chemotherapy, immunotherapy and other therapies can be used. Primary hepatocellular carcinoma is a kind of malignant tumor that progresses rapidly, and its prognosis is directly related to the clinical disease type and pathological type.