Primary hepatocellular carcinoma surgery: It is mainly applied to “small hepatocellular carcinoma” with diameter less than 5 cm, as well as those who are estimated to have lesions limited to one lobe or half of the liver, no serious hepatic steatosis, no obvious clinical jaundice, ascites or distant metastasis, good liver function and compensation, normal systemic condition, heart, lung and kidney function, and can undergo surgical exploration or hepatectomy. The choice of hepatectomy should be based on the patient’s general condition, degree of hepatic sclerosis, size and location of the tumor and compensatory function of the liver. If the cancer is confined to one lobe, hepatic lobectomy can be performed; if one lobe or the adjacent lobe is involved, hepatic hemicolectomy can be performed; if half of the liver is involved but there is no hepatic steatosis, trilobar resection can be considered. For hepatocellular carcinoma located in the marginal area of the liver, partial resection or local resection can be chosen according to the degree of hepatic steatosis. In general, at least 30% of normal liver tissue or 50% of sclerotic liver tissue should be preserved in hepatectomy, otherwise it is not easy to compensate. For small hepatocellular carcinoma with hepatic steatosis, radical partial hepatectomy with liver resection beyond 2 cm from the tumor can also achieve satisfactory results. For hepatocellular carcinoma that cannot be resected, treatments such as -196℃ liquid nitrogen freezing and curing, radiofrequency or portal vein embolization, as well as embolization chemotherapy with embolic agents containing chemical drugs in the hepatic artery can be used according to specific conditions, all of which are effective. Hepatic artery embolization chemotherapy can shrink the tumor, and some patients can get the opportunity of second-stage surgical resection as a result. Hepatic artery embolization chemotherapy can be repeatedly administered under ultra-selective hepatic arteriography via femoral artery cannula.