In fact, 90% of liver cancer patients are combined with hepatitis and cirrhosis, and liver cancer cells easily invade portal vein to form portal vein thrombosis and satellite foci, and it is reported in the literature that 45% of liver cancer will metastasize even if it is less than 3cm, however, metastasis often occurs first in the area where the tumor is located in the portal vein. If the tumor and the portal vein supply area where the tumor is located are removed together, both the primary foci and metastases can be removed, and the recurrence rate will be reduced after surgery, and the long-term survival rate will be greatly improved. However, as the liver is a whole, how to determine the boundary of the liver segment is the key of liver segment resection. Internationally, many scholars have used many different methods to determine the boundaries of liver segments to be resected, but these methods can only determine the surface boundaries of the liver, but not the boundaries within the liver parenchyma. Our original “anatomical segmental resection with durable Melan stain” can define the boundary of liver segments on the surface of the liver and within the parenchyma of the liver, which can achieve the true precision of liver segmental resection. It can maximize the resection of tumor while preserving the remaining liver volume and functional integrity, and reduce intraoperative bleeding (the liver section is performed along the non-vascular interface between liver segments and liver segments). More than 300 liver resections for hepatocellular carcinoma have been performed by this method since 2008, and the 5-year survival rate is >65%, reaching the highest international level.