As society ages, osteoporosis will likely surpass cardiovascular disease, tumors and diabetes to become the major disease affecting human health. At present, there are about 75 million primary osteoporosis patients worldwide, and although there is a lack of epidemiological data on osteoporosis in China, it is conservatively estimated that the number of osteoporosis patients in China will exceed 30 million in the next 10 years, and osteoporosis will become a serious problem affecting public health.
Easy to say goodbye to osteoporosis, do not be fragile “bone brittle”
Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic disorder characterized by a decrease in bone mass and degradation of the microstructure of bone tissue, resulting in increased bone fragility and increased risk of fracture.
Clinical manifestations of osteoporosis.
1.Pain
Pain is the main manifestation of osteoporosis, especially in the low back. The microstructural degeneration of bone caused by bone resorption is manifested by thinning and thinning of bone trabeculae, and even fracture, which is actually a kind of microfracture, leading to pain in the low back and even pain in the circumference of the bones.
2.Shortening of height or hunchback deformity
This is the main clinical manifestation of osteoporosis. Most of the vertebrae are osteophytes, and osteophytes are prone to osteoporotic changes. Due to the destruction of bone trabeculae and reduction of bone volume, the lax vertebral body is often deformed due to pressure, resulting in the shortening of body length or “turtle back”. If the height is shortened by 3-100px within a year, osteoporosis should be highly suspected.
3.Fracture
It is a common complication of osteoporosis. It is mainly due to the decrease of bone compression resistance, bone strength and brittleness, and it is difficult to carry the load, and fracture may occur in the slightest activity.
Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
1.Exercise
Multiple types of exercise help maintain bone mass. Exercise can also improve sensitivity as well as balance. Encourage as much exercise as possible, but avoid sports injuries.
2.Nutrition
Good nutrition is important for the prevention of osteoporosis, including adequate calcium, vitamins and protein.
3.Correct bad habits.
Alcoholism, tobacco addiction, prolonged excessive coffee consumption or knotted picky eating and poor nutrition, together with factors such as thin physique, insufficient labor intensity and little physical exercise, all contribute to the increased incidence of osteoporosis.
4.Prevent falls
Avoid falls to reduce the occurrence of fractures.
5.Physiotherapy
Magnetic therapy: magnetic field stimulation can change the bioelectricity of the human body, accelerate the growth of bone tissue, improve the bone density of the whole body, and treat osteoporosis.
6.Lower back muscle and lower limb strength training
Once osteoporosis occurs, you should not blindly do too much physical exercise. It is recommended to see a professional rehabilitation doctor to seek targeted individualized sports training to increase bone stress, strengthen muscle strength and protect fragile bones through exercise.
7.Medication
①People with pain can be given appropriate amount of NSAIDs or other analgesic drugs
②Appropriate supplementation of calcium or vitamin D
”Calcium supplementation is a misconception.
The risk of osteoporosis increases with age, and because osteoporosis causes pain and can easily lead to osteoporotic fractures, it makes the elderly fearful of osteoporosis, and coupled with the exaggerated advertising of calcium supplements, many elderly people begin to blindly supplement calcium. In fact, excessive calcium supplementation for the elderly is not only unhelpful but harmful, excessive calcium supplementation does not turn into bones, if the calcium level in the blood is too high. It can lead to hypercalcemia and can cause complications, such as kidney stones, vascular calcification, etc., which endanger the health of the elderly.
③Rational use of calcitonin
④Selective use of bisphosphonates
⑤ For patients with abnormal deficiency of special classes of estrogens, appropriate estrogen supplementation is required.