Osteoporosis is a common and prevalent disease in the elderly population, with approximately 60 to 80 million people suffering from osteoporosis in China. The disease is a systemic metabolic disorder mainly due to the decrease in bone mass and femur mass, which leads to increased brittleness of bone and increased risk of fracture. Osteoporotic fractures have become a serious social problem today, and are receiving increasing attention. Osteoporotic fractures not only have a high morbidity, mortality and fracture recurrence rate in the elderly, but also the pain caused by fractures leads to a significant decrease in their quality of life. Many elderly people miss the good time of timely detection and treatment due to the lack of general knowledge of health care and medical conditions, and serious cases of compression fractures of limbs or vertebrae occur. In fact, most of them are not detected and treated in time because of osteoporosis, which eventually leads to compression fracture of the spine and abnormal curvature of the spine. If left untreated, the fracture can easily worsen and may compress the spinal cord and nerves, resulting in sensory and motor disorders of the limbs and even paralysis. Vertebral body kyphoplasty is a new method of treating vertebral compression fractures introduced from abroad in recent years. It has the advantages of no incision, easy operation, safety and reliability, etc. It mainly establishes a channel in the vertebral arch through skin puncture, then implants a balloon in the vertebral body, and restores the height of the vertebral body through expansion and expansion of the balloon, and then injects sclerosing agent “bone cement” into the vertebral body through the channel to restore and enhance the strength of the vertebral body. It also has a very good analgesic effect, so elderly patients can walk on the ground within 2-3 days after surgery, avoiding complications such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents and decubitus ulcers caused by long-term bed rest, which greatly improves the quality of life of elderly patients and rebuilds a strong spine for elderly people suffering from vertebral compression fractures. In addition, this technology can take appropriate amount of bone histopathological examination at the same time of treatment to further clarify the diagnosis, especially for those suspected of having bone metastases, which is more advantageous, that is, there is a dual effect of diagnosis and treatment. Of course, this treatment method also has strict indications, contraindications and complications, and needs to be reasonably used under the guidance of a professional doctor. The difference between vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty is the direct injection of bone cement without a balloon, which needs to be chosen by the clinician depending on the patient.