In classical Chinese medicine, there is no name for MDS, because its clinical manifestations are usually weakness, laziness, dizziness, palpitation, shortness of breath, drowsiness, pallor, and other signs of deficiency of both qi and blood, as well as low fever in the afternoon or irritability of the five hearts, epistaxis, petechiae and petechiae on the skin, lumps under the dorsum, thin white tongue with thin coating, and weak or fine pulse. Therefore, according to the patient’s symptoms, the disease is classified as “deficiency labor”, “blood evidence”, “Y accumulation”, etc. In 2008, the Hematology Committee of the Chinese Society of Integrative Medicine [[i]] held a special “Workshop on Standardization of Chinese Medicine Nomenclature for Common Blood Disorders” and proposed the Chinese medical name of MDS as “Marrow Toxic Labor”, which was approved by most hematologists. The term “marrow” represents the disease location, and “toxin and labor” represents the disease mechanism and disease nature. We believe that the pathogenesis of Marrow Toxic Labor is due to the deficiency of vital energy in the body, and then poisonous evil, which is embedded in the essence, blood, bone and marrow, causing stasis due to poison, and the mutual obstruction of poison and stasis, resulting in the loss of essence and blood, and the weakness of the body and qi, presenting a picture of deficiency. The pathological mechanism is characterized by a mixture of deficiency and reality, with the evil being real and the positive being deficient, with the stagnation of evil and toxins as the origin and throughout the disease, and the loss of positive energy as the symptom.