As you grow older, do you often feel soreness, coldness and pain in the lower back of your limbs? Is your back hunched over and gradually getting shorter? Have you broken a bone accidentally? If you have the above symptoms, you need to be alert to osteoporosis!
What is osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by low bone mass and destruction of bone tissue microstructure, resulting in bone pain, increased bone fragility and easy fracture.
The main features are.
1. decreased bone mass.
2, degeneration of bone microstructure.
3, increased bone fragility, decreased bone mechanical strength, and increased risk of fracture.
According to statistics, 1/3 of women and 1/5 of men over 50 years old worldwide are threatened by osteoporosis.
Who are the people at high risk of osteoporosis?
1.Postmenopausal women.
2.Older people over 60 years old, the incidence rate of women is more than 2 times that of men.
3, secondary to other diseases: such as endocrine metabolic diseases (hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, Cushing’s syndrome, hypogonadism), systemic diseases (such as post-organ transplantation, anorexia nervosa, intestinal malabsorption syndrome, chronic renal failure, malnutrition, cancer), autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing crestitis, systemic lupus erythematosus), those who need long-term hormone use, long-term bedridden and inactive people, etc.
What are the symptoms of osteoporosis?
1. Bone pain and muscle weakness: low back pain or generalized bone pain with no fixed location.
2. Shortening of stature: compression fractures of vertebrae may have occurred, and in severe cases, hunchback.
3, fracture: easy to fracture after slight activities such as coughing, bending, weight-bearing, squeezing or falling, mostly in the crest, hip and forearm.
How to diagnose osteoporosis easily?
You only need to go to the hospital for a bone mineral density (MBD) test, which can be classified into four categories based on the test value and whether or not a fracture has occurred: normal bone mass, reduced bone mass, osteoporosis, and severe osteoporosis.
How is osteoporosis treated?
1.Exercise: it can increase and maintain bone mass.
2, more sunshine: human skin contains a kind of cholesterol, which can be converted into vitamin D3 by sunshine.
3, calcium: no matter what kind of osteoporosis should be appropriate amount of calcium supplements. In addition to increasing the dietary calcium content, calcium supplements such as calcium carbonate, calcium calcium D, calcium citrate, calcium gluconate, calcium acetate, etc. should be taken.
4, vitamin D: can promote the absorption and utilization of calcium and promote bone production. When adults lack sunlight exposure, daily intake of vitamin D 5ug (200IU) can meet the physiological needs. The dosage should be increased for osteoporosis, generally about 400 IU of vitamin D per day (equivalent to 100 ml of milk, or 30-60 minutes of sunbathing per week), or alfa osteoporosis 0,25-1ug/day. Vitamin D needs to be metabolized by liver and kidney to generate active vitamin D. In case of renal insufficiency, vitamin D cannot be converted into active form, and active vitamin D can be supplemented directly, i.e.: osteotrienol 0, 25-0, 5ug/day.
5, special treatment: need to be selected under the guidance of a doctor to further improve osteoporosis.
(1)Diphosphonates: such as Fosamax, Fosamax Plus, Risedronate, Miganta, etc.
(2) Calcitonin: e.g. MIGA.
(3) Estrogen receptor modulators.
(4) Androgens.
(5) Parathyroid hormone.
(6)Strontium salt.
6, symptomatic treatment: the pain is obvious can take anti-inflammatory painkillers. If fracture, deformity, or even compression of nerve has occurred, prompt surgical treatment and prevent complications.