The stagnation of blood due to obstruction of venous reflux or valve failure and blood reflux in the spermatic cord, resulting in tortuous expansion of the trabecular plexus is called varicocele. There are two types of varicose veins, primary and secondary, in the Department of Urology, Guizhou Medical University Hospital Sunfa. Varicosities due to anatomical factors are called primary varicocele. When renal tumor involves renal vein and inferior vena cava, obstruction of renal vein or inferior vena cava due to cancerous embolism or other reasons, due to poor blood return to spermatic vein, it will also lead to varicocele, which is called secondary varicocele. Severe varicocele can cause atrophy of the testes and shadow the normal growth of spermatozoa. Impaired sperm growth occurs mainly in the primary spermatocyte and spermatocyte stages, and is evident on the affected side. [The main symptoms of varicose vein are: enlargement of the scrotum on the affected side, localized swelling, painful sensation, mostly aggravated after exertion and prolonged standing, but the symptoms can be reduced or disappeared after lying down and resting. 2. According to the degree of varicose vein, there are three degrees: mild, medium and severe. In mild degree, the varicose vein cannot be touched locally, but the varicose vein can be touched when the patient does Valsalva movement. In moderate degree, the varicose veins in the scrotum can be palpated in the normal standing position, but the varicose vessels are not visible on the surface. In severe cases, earthworm-like or mass-like veins can be seen in the scrotum.1. Vascular ultrasound should be performed when necessary. The above three types are called clinical varicocele. The subclinical varicocele is a very mild varicocele that cannot be detected on physical examination and the Valsalva test is also negative, but can be detected by ultrasound, nuclear scan or color Doppler examination. 2. In primary varicocele, the varicose veins can disappear after lying down, so it can be differentiated from secondary varicocele. [Treatment] 1. surgery is generally not required for those who have no obvious symptoms and have normal fertility. 2. surgery is indicated for those with infertility or semen abnormalities, regardless of the severity of symptoms. Recently, it is believed that subclinical varicocele (undetectable on physical examination and negative on Valsalva test, but very mild varicocele can be detected on ultrasound or nuclear scan) can also affect testicular function, so all types of varicocele should be treated actively. There are many factors affecting the recovery of postoperative fertility, and the possibility of recovery of postoperative fertility in azoospermia is minimal.3. Surgical procedures: 1) Open surgery: high level ligation of the internal spermatic vein, either via the inguinal route or the iliac fossa route.2) Laparoscopic spermatic vein ligation.