Gastroscopy is useful for clinical diagnosis and differential diagnosis in patients with either chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis, most of whom have lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract mucosa. Gastroscopy can directly observe the changes of mucous membrane in the lumen of the upper gastrointestinal tract and accurately determine the lesions in the esophagus, stomach and duodenum. Gastroscopy can not only visually observe the location, nature and extent of lesions, but also make accurate judgments on disease prevention, prognosis estimation and follow-up treatment, and more importantly, gastroscopic treatment is increasingly becoming the treatment for upper gastrointestinal tract diseases. Therefore, the popularization of endoscopy in patients with liver disease has a very critical clinical significance. Patients suffering from chronic hepatitis for a long time, due to the stasis of the portal system of the liver, the gastric mucosa is also often stagnant and hypoxic, coupled with liver dysfunction, the toxic metabolites in the body can not be completely detoxified by the liver and increase, accompanied by endocrine hormone disorders, coupled with bile reflux and other factors, can cause damage to the gastric mucosa. The main manifestations are: various types of chronic gastritis, ulcers, portal hypertensive gastropathy, and even early gastric cancer and other lesions can be found. Effective treatment of the above lesions can reduce the symptoms of the digestive tract, improve the patient’s quality of life, shorten the course of the disease, and reduce medical costs. Patients with cirrhosis are more likely to undergo gastroscopy because cirrhosis is often accompanied by portal hypertension, which forms esophagogastric fundic varices. In the case of esophageal varices, the varices can be directly observed through gastroscopy because they are higher than the mucosa. In addition to observing the degree and extent of esophageal varices, it is also possible to observe whether there are signs of bleeding, which can be targeted for treatment and prevention. This is because varices in the esophagogastric fundus often cause fatal hemorrhage if they rupture. Among the serious complications of liver cirrhosis, death due to gastrointestinal bleeding accounts for 80% of cases. Gastroscopy can accurately determine the degree of esophageal varices, whether the red sign is positive or not as a way to scientifically and accurately determine whether there is a possibility of bleeding in the near future and deal with it in a timely manner, once the upper gastrointestinal bleeding occurs, it is often difficult to stop the bleeding with endoscopic treatment, while the success rate of hemostasis is up to 90% or more, and ligation, tissue adhesive, sclerotherapy is the best endoscopic intervention for patients with post-hepatitis cirrhosis combined with ruptured esophageal varices bleeding. Endoscopic interventions are performed for patients with post-hepatitis cirrhosis combined with ruptured esophageal varices. Ligation is the most commonly used treatment method for cirrhotic patients. Ligation can stop the bleeding or oozing of veins instantly, reduce the number of bleeding or avoid re-bleeding in the shortest time, which has the advantages of saving blood source, saving treatment cost, reducing the number of days of hospitalization, improving the survival of cirrhosis and reducing the death rate, etc. Ligation is not only the first choice of hemostasis method to treat ruptured esophageal varices. It is also an active and effective treatment measure to reduce the degree of esophageal varices, reduce the chance of bleeding and prevent ruptured esophageal varices from bleeding.