Most of the pain at the back of the head in young people may be a physiological condition. When young people suffer from chronic sleep deprivation, work intensity, mental stress or excessive tension, it may lead to paroxysmal swelling and pain at the back of the head, and the symptoms will generally improve with adequate rest. If it does not ease or persists for a long time, some pathological conditions are also considered: 1. Cervical spondylosis: It may be due to the involvement of the occipital nerve, which radiates to the back of the head, thus causing the young person to experience a swelling and pain at the back of the head. In addition, when young people suffer from cervical spondylosis, they will also experience a swelling and pain at the back of the head because of the cervical nerve pull affecting the occipital nerve. You can apply non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs or nerve regulating drugs for treatment as prescribed by the doctor. You can also apply Chinese medicine treatment and physical therapy to improve the condition, if the situation is serious, surgery may be required; 2, encephalitis: young people with encephalitis will have widespread headache, including the emergence of the back of the head swelling pain, but also accompanied by cervical tonicity, irritability and other symptoms, doctors will give anti-infection treatment, and symptomatic relief of cerebral edema and other treatments; 3, epidural hematoma: young people with the back of the head external force, there is an epidural hemorrhage, there will be severe progressive headache in the back of the head, there will also be headache, nausea and other symptoms, etc.. The young people can go to the hospital for imaging examination and clear diagnosis according to the result, and remove the hematoma through surgical treatment; 4. brain tumor: the young people have paroxysmal pain in the back of the head because of tumor invasion or compression of brain nerve, and treatment plan should be made according to the development of tumor; 5. brain abscess: the young people will have fever, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, and need to give general supportive treatment and control the development of infection If the young person has abscess in the back of the head, he or she will have fever, drowsiness, nausea and vomiting. If a young person has a swelling and pain at the back of the head, which cannot be relieved after resting for a long time, it is recommended to go to the hospital for examination to clarify the cause and treat it symptomatically so as not to delay the condition and cause serious consequences.