The disturbance of bone metabolism after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is one of the common complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, especially as the survival period of patients after transplantation gradually extends, this disturbance will become more and more prominent and will have a serious negative impact on the long-term survival and good quality of life of patients. This article only reviews the basic conditions of bone metabolism disorders after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Buchs et al. compared the changes in BMD of 102 (40F, 62M) patients after BMT and divided the patients into two groups: A = 48 patients before BMT or during the first week of transplantation and B = 54 patients after BMT at 60.1±5.6m (6-156M), measuring BMD of the femoral neck and spine, respectively. reduction was 35% and 43% in groups A and B, respectively, while osteoporosis was 0% and 7%. Schimmer et al. studied 64 patients with allogeneic BMT and found that 61% of patients experienced BMD reduction in L1-L4 and femoral neck after ABMT; Kauppila et al [3] studied 25 allogeneic bone marrow transplant patients (14F, 11M; AGE: 42, 19-54), with Duration: 1-10 years (M = 3); Laboratory: blood and urine markers of bone breakdown: plasma free calcium, serum phosphorus (serum phosporus), parathyroid hormone, alkaline phosphatase and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), cross-linked carbon-terminated tetrapeptide (ICTP) of type I collagen and amino-terminal parapeptide (PINP) of type I procollagen Serological markers of collagen metabolism; IL-6; collection of 24-hour urine for Osteocalcin, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and Hydroxyproline and the proportion of urinary calcitonin secretion; BMD measured by CT: L2-L4 BMD: 68% of BMD was significantly reduced 20% of BMD was severely reduced.