Recent epidemiological surveys have shown that the prevalence of hyperuricemia is increasing day by day. Moreover, the age of onset is becoming younger. If a patient has a blood uric acid level >7 mg/dl, but no arthritis, gout stone or urate stone, it is clinically called asymptomatic hyperuricemia (HUA), however, once a person with asymptomatic HUA develops any manifestation of arthritis, gout stone or urate stone, it marks the end of asymptomatic HUA and the beginning of gout. Therefore, asymptomatic HUA is classified as the first stage of gouty arthritis. Gout, formerly known as the disease of the rich or the “disease of kings”, is now a serious public health hazard. Gout is a treatable and preventable disease, but do not mistake one remission of arthritis as a cure for gout; be alert to its tendency to recur. Patients who need to receive uric acid-lowering therapy should prevent inadequate doses of medication, unclear goals, inadequate courses of treatment and lax follow-ups. In any case, long-term adherence to a low purine diet, avoidance of alcohol (especially beer), unhealthy lifestyle changes and improved compliance with treatment are necessary for the treatment of gout. The table below shows the purine content of commonly consumed foods. A low purine diet (Table) is recommended, with a focus on food group A, a moderate reduction in food group B, and strict control of food group C intake.