Precocious puberty is a common developmental abnormality of the pediatric endocrine system and refers to an abnormal sexual disorder in which girls present secondary sexual characteristics before the age of 8 years and boys before the age of 9 years. Central precocious puberty (CPP) is caused by the hypothalamus increasing the secretion and release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in advance, which activates the function of gonadal axis in advance, leading to gonadal development and secretion of sex hormones, resulting in the development of internal and external genitalia and secondary sexual characteristics. Etiology 1. Organic lesions of the central nervous system. 2. Peripheral precocious puberty is transformed. 3. Idiopathic CPP (ICPP) without organic lesions. In female children, 80% to 90% are ICPP; in male children, on the contrary, more than 80% are organic. It is hypothesized that this proportion of children with precocious puberty is strongly associated with stimulation by environmental endocrine disruptors. Females show breast development, enlargement of labia minora, estrogen-dependent changes in vaginal mucosal cells, enlarged uterus and ovaries, appearance of pubic hair, and first menstruation. Males show enlarged testicles and penis, appearance of pubic hair, developed muscles, and thickened voice. Both men and women have accelerated growth and accelerated bone maturation, which can eventually lead to lifelong height below target height. In the presence of central nervous system lesions such as intracranial tumors, headache, vomiting, vision changes or other neurological signs and symptoms may be present.