How to consume proper nutrition for liver disease patients

  In patients with various liver diseases, it is quite important to pay attention to a proper nutritional intake. Human nutrition is mainly through digestion of food to absorb various nutrients, including carbohydrates (sugars), proteins, fats, vitamins, inorganic salts and some trace elements, and transform them into simple and easily absorbed forms that are absorbed by the intestine for use by tissues throughout the body.  The liver converts glucose, certain amino acids, and glycerol from fats into glycogen for storage, which is then broken down into glucose when the body needs it. All of the albumin, prothrombin and some other clotting factors, fibrinogen and some alpha and beta globulins in plasma are synthesized and supplied by the liver. Many tissues in the body can further deaminate amino acids to produce ammonia, which is a harmful substance to the body, and the liver turns it into urea, which is excreted by the kidneys. In addition, the liver is also involved in the mobilization and oxidation of ingested fats and stored fats in the body; and the synthesis of lipids in the body. Therefore, patients with liver lesions must pay attention to the variety and quality of food intake in order to protect or restore the diseased liver. Generally speaking, for patients suffering from acute hepatitis, the daily diet should be light vegetarian food, to which a small amount of egg products, fish and meat can be added, but it is appropriate to eat without abdominal distension, nausea and other gastrointestinal symptoms, and the main food can be thin rice, porridge, cereal, pasta, etc., and appropriate fruit. When the disease enters the recovery period, the variety and quantity of nutritious food can be gradually increased, but a low-fat, high-protein diet is appropriate.  Protein supplementation is especially important for patients with compensated cirrhosis (at least 50-100 grams of protein per day), and fatty diets are reduced (such as fatty meat, liver, heart, intestines, kidneys, etc.). Patients with this disease should be supplemented with foods containing more cystine, choline and vitamins. Animal tests have confirmed that protein deficiency of cystine reduces the source of cysteine and glutathione, which affects the production and activity of enzymes in hepatocytes, making them vulnerable to degeneration and necrosis by various factors. Choline is a lipotropic substance that synthesizes phospholipids with neutral fat in the liver, making it easy to oxidize and utilize fat in the liver. If choline synthesis or the protein necessary for choline synthesis is severely lacking, fat will accumulate in the liver cells and form a fatty liver.  Patients with fatty liver should limit the intake of fatty foods, usually vegetarian diet, sugar-containing desserts should be eaten less, because sugar into the body can be converted into propyl phosphate, the latter has a certain promotion of triglyceride synthesis, so more sugar substances, can promote the increase of fatty substances in the body, can lead to increased viscosity of blood glucose patients, and in serious cases induced coronary heart disease and cerebral infarction. Patients with fatty liver, in addition to dietary restrictions, appropriate participation in physical activities, reasonable physical exercise is particularly important, the stool is often kept open, the diet should be less salt (low sodium diet). A few patients with fatty liver can cause an increase in serum aminotransferase (ALT), at this time, it is appropriate to add lipid-protective drugs, moderate activity, not bed rest, otherwise the disease will aggravate.