EBV is a lymphophilic human herpesvirus. EBV infection usually occurs before the age of 5 years and is mostly subclinical, with an infection rate of 98%. EBV can be latent in epithelial B lymphocytes for long periods of time and can be reactivated and proliferate in large numbers under certain circumstances. Clinical treatment is primarily symptomatic, and there is no direct antiviral or virucidal treatment for EBV. Therefore, there is no specific treatment available for EBV infection itself. In some individuals, EBVs may cause infectious mononucleosis or infect a variety of lymphocytes and epithelial cells involved in the formation of a variety of diseases, especially malignancies, including Burkitt’s lymphoma, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, T or natural killer cell lymphoma, NK cell chronic lymphoid tissue hyperplasia, and phagocytic syndromes. For example, in infectious mononucleosis, early antiviral therapy can be administered, but this treatment is not effective for latent EBV infection. In addition, symptomatic treatment is needed, including bed rest and liver protection in the acute phase, especially in the case of hepatitis; antibacterial drugs can be used as appropriate for secondary bacterial infections; adrenocorticosteroids are indicated for infectious mononucleosis combined with severe lesions or edema in the pharynx, which can cause the inflammation to subside rapidly. There is no specific treatment for EBV infection, but mainly symptomatic treatment, and most of the disease can be cured by itself.