Over the past 50 years, we have witnessed a marked increase in the incidence of autoimmune diseases, which may be due to changes in environmental factors. epidemiological risk factors for MS include vitamin D deficiency (hence the health benefits of proper sun exposure), early childhood exposure to EBV, and smoking. Recent studies have shown that components of the daily diet and gut microbiota strongly influence the levels of effector T cells in the gut, a dietary factor that may be salt. Two recent studies suggest that a high-salt diet may cause tissue inflammation and autoimmune diseases. However, whether salt intake is associated with the progression of autoimmune diseases in humans remains to be further confirmed. Manouchehrinia et al. analyzed 895 patients with MS, about half of whom were regular smokers at the time of disease onset or diagnosis, and this result suggests that regular smoking is associated with greater disease severity and faster progression to disability. In addition, smoking cessation slowed the progression of disability, both before and after the first onset of MS. Although this study is retrospective, it is important to take certain precautions and reduce smoking in patients with MS. A recent 2013 study found that in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), the combination of dalizumab, a human monoclonal antibody that mediates interleukin-2 signaling primarily by blocking the interleukin-2 receptor alpha subunit (CD25), and IFN-β was better tolerated and reduced the poorer response to IFN-β alone disease activity in patients. For autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, through the tireless efforts of the majority of medical workers, there are constantly new discoveries and progress, and we hope that our patients and friends will have confidence in the future, face the reality head-on, maintain an optimistic and positive attitude, and pay attention to the cultivation of a healthy and regular lifestyle.