Patients with viral hepatitis should pay special attention to daily family health care, to achieve a reasonable dietary structure, comprehensive absorption of nutrients, in addition to a moderate amount of exercise, but pay attention to the combination of work and rest to prevent recurrence and aggravation of the disease.
I. Prevention of predisposing factors.
1, excessive fatigue
Excessive physical or mental labor and long-term sleep deprivation, etc., will make the body in a long-term overload state, resulting in a decline in body resistance to the onset of disease. Excessive sexual life (indulgence) can also affect the body’s immune function and easily induce liver damage, so, in addition to the usual combination of work and rest, reasonable rest, should also pay attention to abstain from sexual life.
2, bad eating habits
Including alcoholism, smoking, partial diet, hunger, eating unclean food or taking drugs that are harmful to the liver, etc. Patients with portal hypertension and esophagogastric fundic varices are forbidden to eat melon seeds, walnuts and other rough and hard foods to avoid inducing gastrointestinal bleeding. Daily keep the stool open.
3.Spiritual stimulation
Irritability, long-term sullenness or stimulation, etc., can make the body’s neuroendocrine function dysfunction, so that the immune function disorder, low resistance to disease, once the hepatitis virus invaded the body will be easy to develop.
4, cold and flu can make the body of various chemical reactions slow, resistance to decline, the invasion of hepatitis virus in the body to get the opportunity to reproduce.
5, to avoid liver encephalopathy and other complications triggering factors such as taking a large number of diuretics diuretic, eating a high-protein diet, constipation, serious infections, gastrointestinal bleeding, etc.
Second, stabilize emotions
Happiness can increase liver blood flow and activate liver cells. And anger not only hurts the liver, but also is one of the most taboo emotions of ancient health practitioners: “Once anger is issued, the gas is reversed and not smooth.” People who want to lose their temper at every turn are categorized as “liver fire” in Chinese medicine, which can be treated by venting and transferring, such as watching movies and chatting with friends to eliminate anger and keep the spirit happy. In addition, the thought of something fun and interesting will also increase the secretion of chemicals in the brain that make the body and mind happy. The liver drains the qi and drains the emotions. When the liver is depressed, people tend to feel depressed. Therefore, you should pay attention to keep your emotions stable on a daily basis and not to get too excited about things, especially not to get angry, otherwise you will do a lot of damage to your liver.
Third, self-monitoring
Viral hepatitis is characterized by repeated fluctuations, and some patients have mild symptoms that are not easily detected, thus neglecting the development of the disease. Self-monitoring in the family is particularly important: 1.
1, observe the symptoms, signs changes
Nausea, vomiting, aversion to oil, loss of appetite, obvious weakness, etc. suggest liver inflammatory activity. If frequent vomiting, extreme weakness and jaundice rapidly suggest heavy hepatitis. The presence of recurrent gingival bleeding or nasal bleeding and skin petechiae suggest possible hypersplenism or impaired coagulation mechanisms. Yellowing of the eye sclera or skin suggests possible elevated jaundice. Darker skin on the face and orbits than before often indicates aggravated liver disease or cirrhosis. The appearance of spider nevi on the anterior chest and facial skin, and cyanotic blood vessels on the abdominal skin suggest the possibility of cirrhosis. Swelling of the lower extremities suggests possible hypoproteinemia. Fluttering tremor often indicates hepatic encephalopathy.
2.Observation of the second stool
The appearance of urine color obviously becomes yellow like thick tea, suggesting the possible development of jaundice. Urine volume observation is extremely important for patients with hepatitis, and decreased urine volume often indicates the occurrence of edema and ascites. The dark red or tarry color of the stool should alert to the possibility of gastrointestinal bleeding. The presence of diarrhea and a feeling of falling abdomen often suggest the possibility of ascites or spontaneous peritonitis.
3, weight changes Significant weight gain and increase in abdominal girth suggest the possibility of cirrhotic ascites. Dramatic weight loss, weight loss and pain in the right upper abdomen often suggest the possibility of combined liver cancer.
4.Mood and sleep changes If the patient has obvious mood changes within a short period of time, contrary to the previous personality, sleep inversion, slow reflection, calculation power, disorientation, etc. suggest the possible emergence of hepatic encephalopathy.
Fourth, home protection.
1, rational use of drugs, regular review
As the saying goes, “medicine is poisonous in three parts”. Patients with liver disease need to follow the principles of safety, effectiveness, economy and appropriateness in the use of drugs. Avoid abusing drugs and taking excessive amounts of medication over a long period of time. For folk remedies, prescriptions should be used with caution. Patients with chronic hepatitis should not use drugs casually and should not stop them at will. After the patient is discharged from the hospital, take the discharge medication on time and review the liver function and other related tests regularly in the outpatient clinic.
2.Appropriate exercise to enhance physical fitness
Patients with liver disease should emphasize the importance of rest, but moderate exercise is also beneficial to the recovery of liver disease. Exercise is best done outdoors in the sunlight, the amount of exercise should be appropriate, and the pulse rate should not exceed 100 times per minute during exercise. Each exercise should not be too long, should end exercise before fatigue appears, to 20 to 30 minutes best. Do not exercise after meals or on an empty stomach. Do not do sit-ups, double bars, dumbbells and other strong muscle exercises, so as not to increase abdominal pressure, liver peritoneal stretching leading to discomfort in the liver area. Exercise can be taken as walking, tai chi, qigong, table tennis, badminton, etc., which is conducive to enhancing physical fitness and improving immunity.
3, quality sleep, appropriate lunch break
Develop the habit of going to bed regularly, in line with the rhythm of the human biological clock. Every night to ensure that 8 hours of sleep, 1 hour nap every day. The bedroom is quiet and ventilated, the temperature is appropriate, before going to bed can be warm water foot bath and foot massage. Before going to bed should not be too full, do not drink strong tea and other stimulating drinks. Sleeping on the right side is desirable, so that the sleep is stable and comfortable.
4.Prevent transmission, marriage guidance
Viral hepatitis is somewhat contagious, in the family health care to take appropriate disinfection isolation measures. The family should implement the meal sharing system to prevent the disease from entering through the mouth. The patient’s eating utensils, other utensils and clothes should be used separately, and dishes and chopsticks should be disinfected at any time after use. Do not share toothbrushes, toothpicks, razors, nail clippers and other items. Hepatitis virus is afraid of high heat, ultraviolet light and bleaching powder, common items can be disinfected by sunlight exposure or under ultraviolet light. Promote pre-marital medical examination and timely vaccination for those who are not infected; carry out pre-conception screening.