From a Western medical point of view, it is considered that there is mainly inflammation in the organism, such as local inflammation of the lymph nodes, otitis media or inflammation in other parts of the organism, which may lead to swollen lymph nodes. In addition, some specific causes such as tuberculosis or malignant lymphoma may also cause swollen and painful lymph nodes under the ear. From a TCM perspective, it is considered to be caused by a large fire in the body, which causes swollen and painful lymph nodes due to internal heat in the body. From the Western medicine point of view, if it is caused by inflammation, the main treatment is active anti-inflammatory symptomatic treatment, and if it is tuberculosis or malignant lymphoma, other treatment options are needed. If from the perspective of Chinese medicine, the main thing is to use drugs to clear heat and detoxify the toxins.