Seven Signs of Gout

Gout is a heterogeneous group of diseases caused by disorders of purine metabolism or impaired uric acid excretion, mostly seen in young and middle-aged men between the ages of 20 and 40 and in women after menopause. Some patients have an asymptomatic phase, so it is not clearly subdivided into seven signs, but gout can be divided into three stages according to the natural course of the disease, and the following symptoms are common: I. Asymptomatic phase: Some patients may show fluctuating or persistent hyperuricemia, which can last for several years before obvious gout symptoms appear, and some patients may be asymptomatic for life. Acute arthritis phase: The disease often starts suddenly late at night or early in the morning, manifesting as severe joint pain, redness, swelling, fever, pain and limited movement in the affected joints within a few hours. It is often seen in the unilateral 1st metatarsophalangeal joint, which is the joint below the big toe, the medial projection of the foot. The pain is mostly self-limiting and usually resolves in about 1 week. Uric acid crystals can be found in the joint fluid or gout stone. In patients with hyperuricemia, the uric acid level may appear normal during acute attacks. Third, gout stone and chronic arthritis period: 1. Gout stone: gout stone is a characteristic clinical manifestation of gout, which is common in the auricular area, but also often occurs in the Achilles tendon, the hawk’s-eye area on the back side of the elbow joint and other places. They are usually yellowish-white flabby creatures of different sizes, with thin skin and easily broken surface, and white powder or paste inside. 2. Chronic arthritis: It is common in patients without standard treatment, which is characterized by continuous swelling and pain in the affected joints, and the gouty stones deposited in the joints can cause joint bone destruction. In addition, gout can also cause gouty nephropathy, uric acid kidney stones and acute renal failure and other kidney damage. Patients with gout need to actively improve their lifestyle habits, including limiting alcohol, quitting smoking, avoiding strenuous exercise, etc., and timely treatment with colchicine, indomethacin and other medications or surgery, the prognosis is usually better and can improve the quality of life of patients.