The severity of thyroid nodules is related to whether the nodules are malignant or benign lesions. In the case of benign nodules in the early stages, there is no need to worry too much. Usual observation or intervention by means of lifestyle adjustment and medication can prevent nodule growth and disease progression. If benign nodules keep growing and severe local pressure symptoms, such as difficulty in breathing and swallowing, or significantly affect the appearance, surgical treatment is required. Malignant nodules may spread and metastasize, and once they compress the airway, they can flatten the airway and cause fatal consequences such as asphyxia, which should be taken seriously. Such patients should be promptly intervened by surgery and other means to avoid serious events. In the presence of thyroid nodules, it is important to check the nodules at regular follow-up visits and observe them closely. The size and nature of the nodule and the associated symptoms should be taken into account to determine the subsequent intervention.