The toxic effects of methanol on humans are caused by methanol and its metabolites formaldehyde and formic acid, and are characterized by central nervous system damage, eye damage and metabolic acidosis. Methanol itself has a narcotic effect and has a direct toxic effect on nerve cells; formic acid damages the optic papilla and optic nerve, leading to optic papillary edema, destruction of the optic nerve myelin sheath and optic nerve damage; methanol interferes with the metabolism of certain oxidative enzymes in the body, causing the accumulation of lactic acid and other organic acids, and the production of methanol metabolite formic acid, leading to metabolic acidosis. Treatment principles: No special antidote, mainly symptomatic and supportive treatment. Specific measures are as follows: 1. For acute inhalation poisoning, the patient should be quickly moved to fresh air, promptly remove contaminated clothing, thoroughly wash the contaminated skin with soapy water and plenty of water, and immediately flush with plenty of water if splashed into the eyes. Those with upper respiratory tract irritation should be observed for at least 48 hours to avoid aggravation of the disease after activity. 2. Stay still, keep warm, and use reasonable oxygen therapy. Keep the airway open, give bronchial antispasmodics, and tracheotomy if necessary. Early, adequate and short course use of glucocorticoids can effectively prevent laryngeal edema and pulmonary edema. 3.After oral administration, a smaller gastric tube can be inserted cautiously for gastric lavage. Gastric lavage should be done gently to avoid aggravating the damage to the digestive tract. After gastric lavage with 3% ammonium carbonate or 15% ammonium acetate 100ml solution injected into the stomach, can make formaldehyde into less toxic hexakis(tetramine), has a certain detoxification effect. Then take milk or soy milk or egg white orally to protect the gastric mucosa. 4, active symptomatic treatment: including rehydration, anti-shock, prevention of liver and kidney damage and prevention of secondary infection and other complications. 5, skin and eye contact should be immediately and thoroughly rinsed with plenty of water, and checked for corneal damage with fluorescein staining. Apply atropine drops to dilate the pupil, prevent post-iris adhesions, and administer local and systemic anti-inflammatory therapy. Avoid the use of sulfonamides to prevent the formation of insoluble formate in the renal tubules and lead to urinary closure.