Reasons for the high incidence of respiratory diseases in winter The reasons for the high incidence of respiratory diseases in infants and young children in winter are multifaceted and complex. Winter is generally cold and dry, and the temperature difference between day and night is large. Resulting in pediatric respiratory mucosal secretion function is reduced, mucosal cell secretion of IgA reduced, ciliated epithelial cell secretion role is weakened, ventilation and ventilation function is affected, respiratory organ dysfunction, immunity is reduced, airborne pathogens and bacteria are easy to enter the respiratory tract, which triggers pediatric respiratory infections and diseases occur. Atmospheric pollution toxins and pathogens in the respiratory tract infection of the same role in the occurrence of pediatric respiratory tract infections. PM2.5 and other air pollutants are easy to gather in winter, these pollutants can seriously damage the cilia in the pediatric respiratory tract, resulting in the cilia of air pollution toxins and pathogens cleaning effect and protective effect of the weakening of the function of air pollution toxins and pathogens will be able to unhindered access to the pediatric respiratory tract, and even deeper into the lung tissue. Unhealthy habits such as improper self-protection. Skin vascular cold and contraction can be reflex caused by the nasopharyngeal mucosal capillary contraction, cilia swing weakened, the local resistance is reduced, the virus to take advantage of the opportunity to enter, causing colds. Another example is that children eat a variety of vitamin deficiencies, respiratory defense function is reduced, pathogens are easy to invade; winter cold, children to indoor activities, if the indoor ventilation is poor, will also increase the chance of respiratory disease infection. Prevention of pediatric respiratory diseases 1, wash your hands often, and develop good hygiene habits. 2, advocate breastfeeding, timely addition of complementary foods. 3, keep the indoor air fresh, regular ventilation do not smoke in the child’s activities and living room. Smoking can affect the development of lungs and resistance. 4, the diet gives easy to digest, nutritious high-quality protein food, such as lean meat, eggs, noodles, porridge. Fresh vegetables and fruits. 5, drink more water, conducive to sweating and urination, discharge toxins and heat, lower body temperature. 6, according to climate change and timely increase or decrease clothing, avoid cold at the same time should also be timely replacement of sweat wet clothes. 7, physical exercise, more outdoor activities, is conducive to increasing the pediatric body resistance. During the influenza epidemic, fewer people go to crowded places. 8, regular health checks, on-time vaccination such as measles, whooping cough, rubella and other vaccines, can effectively improve the immunity of children to these respiratory infectious diseases, thus cutting off the spread of these respiratory infectious diseases in the population epidemic. 9, there are colds at home as far as possible isolation, such as unconditional also with the contact person, should wear a mask isolation. Pediatric respiratory disease home care If the baby in the early stages of the disease, good spirit, breastfeeding work and rest as usual, no high fever, shortness of breath, cyanosis around the mouth, etc., can be at home nursing observation. 1, keep the indoor air fresh, ventilation 2-3 times a day, at least half an hour each time, indoor temperature and humidity is appropriate, the temperature is maintained at 22 ℃ -24 ℃, humidity 50-60% is appropriate. 2, encourage children to drink more water, fever should drink more water, 38.5 ℃ or less to give cold compresses, ice pillows or warm water bath, 38.5 ℃ or more under the guidance of the doctor for drug cooling. And timely replacement of the child’s damp underwear. 3, the diet is easy to give light, easy to digest, nutritious food, increase the intake of trace elements of zinc or vitamins, or zinc preparations and vitamins after treatment. These children’s immunity can be significantly improved, the incidence of respiratory tract infections significantly. Wash your hands diligently before and after meals and practice good hygiene. 4, before the child is six months old, advocate breastfeeding as much as possible, and add complementary food in time. Breast milk is the most ideal natural food for infants, containing a variety of nutrients. Breast milk contains a large number of immunoglobulins, immune cells, lysozyme, lactoferrin, etc., which helps to enhance the baby’s ability to resist infection. In particular, the colostrum secreted initially after delivery is rich in antibodies and trace elements, especially the secretion of IgA, which helps prevent respiratory and gastrointestinal infections. Therefore, children who insist on breastfeeding are relatively less likely to catch a cold. 5, according to the weather timely increase or decrease clothing, avoid cold. 6.Keep the respiratory tract clear, turn the child over and pat the back to help discharge respiratory secretions. Secretions are sticky. If necessary, inhale warm water vapor to make phlegm easy to discharge. Nasal congestion and other respiratory problems, can be used some children’s nasal drops. 7, perinasal skin care and oral care: blowing the nose, the child’s skin is easy to red, broken, to the child with a wet towel, or apply some anti-inflammatory drugs, such as erythromycin ointment. Children with sore throats are reluctant to eat, older children can take watermelon cream tablets, infants and young children can be sprayed to relieve pain. 8, rest children try to bed rest, regular work and rest, reduce activities, keep quiet, reduce oxygen consumption, conducive to recovery. Closely observe the child’s condition, if the child’s condition worsens or parents can not judge the development of the disease should be timely to the hospital. To sum up, scientific child care, reasonable and balanced diet and nutrition, strengthen exercise and physical activity, increase the immunity of the child’s body, improve the living environment, realize the green decoration of the living room, pay attention to the ventilation of the living room in the winter, the children’s collective environment sanitation and disinfection, timely injection of vaccines against epidemics, all of these measures are conducive to enhance the quality of the child’s individuality, which ultimately reduces the chances of respiratory diseases during the peak of the winter season. All these measures will help to enhance the individual quality of children, thus ultimately reducing the chances of respiratory diseases during the peak season of winter.