Primary osteoporosis is a common disease in the elderly, a systemic bone disease. It is mainly characterized by low bone mass and damage to the microstructure of bone, which invites increased bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. There is a decrease in the mineral and bone matrix of the bone tissue. It is more common in women than in men, and commonly occurs in postmenopausal women and the elderly, and is prone to fracture with or without minor trauma, especially in women over 75 years of age with a fracture incidence of more than 80%. The disease is related to endocrine factors, genetic factors, nutritional factors, and disuse factors. When osteoporosis is mild, it is often asymptomatic, and vertebral compression fractures are often detected occasionally by taking bone X-rays. Vertebral compression fractures occur immediately after the acute sharp pain in the area, often without a clear history of trauma, and can occur after coughing or snorting and gradually resolve after 3 to 4 weeks without special treatment. Another kind of chronic deep and widespread dull pain in the back, accompanied by generalized weakness, etc. The pain is often caused by spinal curvature, vertebral compression fractures and posterior vertebral protrusion. Vertebral compression fractures cause shortening of height and lead to posterior spinal protrusion, which in turn can cause thoracic deformity and affect lung function. Fractures are more common in the vertebrae, hip and distal flexures. Prevention of osteoporosis is very important, and so far, there is no effective and safe method to restore normal bone tissue that has become osteoporotic. Prevention can reduce the bone loss after menopause and accompanying old age. Exercise can increase bone mass, because menopausal women adhere to 3 hours of exercise per week can increase the amount of calcium in the Ministry, skeletal weight-bearing and muscle exercise can obtain the desired effect, including walking, jogging and standing exercise, while the need to enter a sufficient amount of calcium (the availability of various calcium preparations are different, calcium carbonate is 40%, sodium chloride is 27%, calcium lactate is 13%, calcium gluconate is 9%), if calcium supplements in the meal If calcium is taken after a meal and 200 ml of liquid is taken at the same time, it is better absorbed. Calcium in milk is easily absorbed, 225 ml of milk contains 300 mg of calcium, and postmenopausal women need 1000-1500 mg of calcium daily, while vitamin D, B6, B12 and K should be supplemented to reduce the risk of osteoporosis. Prevention of falls, falls in the elderly are likely to occur when standing after meals or getting up at night, the obstacles on the ground at home should be reduced or eliminated. For women due to menopause apply estrogen and progestin to prevent or slow down bone loss in vertebral bones and extremity bones.