In recent years, many patients complain to their doctors that their eyes are dry and they can’t even watch TV, asking whether they have trachoma or “fire”, and the effect of many eye medicines is not good, and it is getting worse. In fact, quite a few of them are suffering from “dry eyes”. So, what is dry eye? Dry eye is a general term for dry eye disease and dry eye syndrome. It is a type of disease caused by a decrease in tear secretion or/and excessive tear evaporation and tear quality abnormalities, resulting in a decrease in tear film stability, and is one of the common ocular surface diseases. Patients usually complain of dry eyes, foreign body sensation, burning sensation, eye itching, eye redness, photophobia, blurred vision, fluctuating vision, visual fatigue, and intolerance of smoky environments. In some cases, it seriously affects daily life and leads to vision loss or loss of vision. You may ask, how does dry eye occur and who is prone to this eye disease? Is there a way to prevent it and how should I treat dry eye? 1, dry eye is related to the environment: the most common environmental factors are close gaze at the screen (such as working on the computer or like to surf the Internet, play computer games, eyes look at the monitor for a long time, the number of blinks reduced, tear evaporation fast). In addition, air conditioning, driving for a long time, reading, writing, knitting sweaters, when the air pollution is heavy or in the smoking room, etc. Other factors such as seasonal changes, changes in living environment, excessive fatigue, lack of sleep and stress are also triggering or aggravating factors for dry eyes. These include environmental factors such as “Video Screen Terminal Syndrome (VDT)”, “Building Disease Syndrome (SBS)”, and “Office Eye Disease Syndrome (OES)”. 2. Lid gland dysfunction associated with dry eye: e.g. abnormal lid gland secretion (obstructive or seborrheic), opportunistic infection of the lid margin or lid gland. 3, autoimmune disease-related dry eye: dry syndrome, dry eyes, dry mouth, usually manifested as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus and other autoimmune diseases. 4, dry eye associated with refractive corneal surgery and surgery of the anterior segment: such as excimer therapy for myopia, corneal transplantation, cataract surgery, glaucoma trabeculectomy, eyelid surgery, etc.. Most of them are temporary dry eyes. 5, dry eye related to thermal and chemical burns on the ocular surface: such as lacrimal gland damage, atrophy, eyelid defect, closure disorder. 6, long-term wear contact lenses: contact lenses can also accelerate the evaporation of tears and cause related dry eye symptoms. 7, the age factor of dry eye: tear secretion will gradually decrease as people get older. People to 65 years old. Tear secretion by the lacrimal gland is only 40% of that at the age of 18. The decrease in tear secretion can also cause eye irritation, resulting in symptoms of reflex tearing or tear filling. 8, drugs related to dry eyes: Some drugs may reduce tear secretion, such as anti-hypertensives, diuretics, antihistamines, anticholinergics, antidepressants, and retinoids and isotretinoin. Long-term topical antibiotics, antiviral drugs, antifungal drugs, beta-blockers, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are ordered for the eye, and the toxicity of the drugs themselves and the preservatives in the drops can lead to ocular surface damage and tear film instability. The diagnosis of dry eye is based on the patient’s chronic symptoms, tear film instability, reduced tear production, ocular surface damage and tear osmolarity, and other related indicators. Because the causes of dry eye are very complex, different treatments are used clinically according to the typology, including non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments and surgical treatments. 1.Non-pharmacological treatment: remove the cause (increase the frequency of transient eyes, regular rest, display screen placed below the eye level and adjusted to the appropriate brightness contrast, reduce air flow and change the direction of air circulation, use humidifier in dry environment), improve the eye environment (tear plugs, collagen eye mask, wet room mirror, therapeutic contact lenses), physical therapy (wet and hot compresses, eyelid massage, lid margin cleaning). 2.Medication: artificial tears (e.g., dextran, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, sodium glassate, polyacrylic acid), lubricants (ophthalmic ointment), topical anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive agents (glucocorticoids, cyclosporine, androgens, autologous serum, sympathomimetic drugs, etc.), and other drugs including recombinant human epidermal growth factor, vitamin A palmitate eye gel, etc. 3.Surgical treatment: For severe cases, surgical treatment can be taken, such as lacrimal punctal embolization, surgical closure of lacrimal puncta, lid margin suture surgery, autologous submandibular gland transplantation, etc. It is not terrible to have dry eye, as long as you develop good living and working habits, avoid bad environmental stimulation, and cooperate with certain physical therapy and medication, most of them can be cured. Do not buy your own medicine to spot your eyes due to busy work and other reasons, because any eye medicine without stimulation will temporarily relieve dry eye symptoms, but if used improperly, the damage caused to the eyes may be irreparable, so we recommend that: once the above symptoms appear, go to the hospital to see a specialist in a timely manner, and under the guidance of the doctor, carry out reasonable treatment.