Surgery for supraglottic sulcus cancer, open chest or thoracoscopic?

  For surgical treatment of upper lung sulcus cancer, should I choose open or thoracoscopic surgery? What is the difference?  Surgery for supraglottic sulcus lung cancer consists of two parts: the first part is to remove the complete mass from the area invaded by the supraglottic sulcus tumor; the second part is to remove the whole lobe of the upper lobe where the supraglottic sulcus is located, and to completely clear the mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes. Only after completing the above two parts is the whole lung sulcus resection surgery completed.  At present, there are more choices of surgical incisions, and the location of the incision varies according to the evaluation of the patient. Nowadays, a modified trans-sternum (TMA) incision is commonly used, and the height of the TMA incision in the rib cage is mainly determined by the extent of tumor invasion. the anterior TMA incision is mainly used to remove important nerves and blood vessels located at the cervicothoracic junction, which are invaded by supraglottic sulcus carcinoma, and through the anterior TMA incision these nerves and blood vessels can be completely removed. In contrast, the whole lobe resection can be performed through the TMA incision. However, it is difficult to perform thorough lymph node and hilar clearance due to the difficulty of incision exposure. In contrast, thoracoscopic surgery is now applied to address lobectomy and requires only 1 to 2 holes in the patient, with minimal patient injury. Therefore, thoracoscopic surgery is a fundamental step in the surgery of superior pulmonary sulcus cancer.