1. Indications for lung cancer surgery: (1) Patients with early stage lung cancer without distant metastasis, mainly including parenchymal organs, such as brain, liver, bones, adrenal glands, lymph nodes (outside the chest cavity), etc. (2) Patients without severe cardiopulmonary depression or angina pectoris in the near future. (3) Patients without severe liver or kidney disorders and diabetes mellitus. (4) Patients whose cancer tissue has not spread to adjacent tissues or organs. (5) Patients without laryngeal nerve or phrenic nerve paralysis. (2) Contraindications for lung cancer surgery: (1) Patients with small cell type lung cancer other than stage I are easy to consider radiotherapy or traditional Chinese medicine first. (2) Patients whose X-ray shows metastasis suspected in the mediastinum in addition to the primary lesion generally cannot be treated surgically. (3) Patients with old age and poor heart and lung function cannot undergo surgical resection. (4) Patients with a history of cerebrovascular accident within the last 3 months. (5) Patients with contraindications to anesthesia or other contraindications to surgery.