Positive EBV antibodies indicate that the body has been infected with EBV but has now recovered and has produced EBV IgA antibodies, suggesting that the body is immune to EBV. The rate of positive EBV VCA-IgG antibodies in children aged 3 to 5 years in China is over 90%. Most young children have no obvious symptoms after infection, or they may have mild pharyngitis and upper respiratory tract infections. Primary infection occurs in young adulthood, and about 50% develop infectious mononucleosis. Studies have concluded that the virus is closely associated with the development of a variety of malignancies (e.g., nasopharyngeal carcinoma). EBV infects epithelial cells and B lymphocytes in the human oropharynx, and the presence of the EBV genome has been detected in most of the population affected by nasopharyngeal cancer in southern China. However, there is no need to be overly alarmed if you are found to be EBV positive during a physical examination, as the chances of developing nasopharyngeal cancer are not high. If the physical examination is qualitatively positive for EBV antibodies, it is recommended to go to the otolaryngology department of a regular hospital for quantitative testing of EBV IgA antibodies. Carriers and patients are the source of infection for this disease, and it is spread mainly through saliva because of its high content in saliva. Longer-lasting immunity can be obtained after a single episode of the disease. Vaccines are the most effective way to prevent EBV infection, but there is still a lack of antiviral drugs with positive efficacy, and the recombinant vaccine developed in China has not yet been used on a large scale.