There are many types of liver cancer, and primary liver cancer is one of them. In recent years, primary liver cancer has been on a gradual increase, and it usually has no symptoms in the early stage, and currently ranks second in the incidence of malignant tumors in China, which can cause very serious harm to the life and health of patients. There are many causes of primary liver cancer, including aflatoxin, viral hepatitis and cirrhosis. The causes of primary liver cancer are different for different patients. The following is a detailed description of the common causes of primary liver cancer: Causes of primary liver cancer 1. Viral hepatitis Research on the relationship between hepatitis B virus and liver cancer found that: hepatitis B markers in the serum of liver cancer patients are up to 90% or more (only about 15% in the control group); the chance of liver cancer in HBsAg-positive patients is 6 to 50 times higher than that in negative patients; molecular biology research shows that in China Molecular biology research shows that 51.5% of liver cancer patients have purely integrated HBV-DNA; the X gene of HBV can change the gene expression of HBV-infected hepatocytes and may be related to carcinogenesis. ～The relationship between HCV and hepatocellular carcinoma is extremely important in Japan, but in China it is yet to be confirmed. 2, cirrhosis The relationship between cirrhosis and liver cancer is also striking, in 500 cases of liver cancer autopsy materials, the combined rate of liver cancer and cirrhosis was 83.6%, the rate of cirrhosis with liver cancer was 49.9%, of which large nodular cirrhosis accounted for 73.3%, showing that liver cancer and cirrhosis are closely related, 56.5% of those with combined cirrhosis have varying degrees of chronic active hepatitis, indicating that cirrhosis is still in progress The above results suggest a close relationship between persistent hepatitis B virus infection and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is speculated that the process may be that the hepatitis B virus causes damage to hepatocytes followed by hyperplasia or atypical hyperplasia, which is sensitive to carcinogenic substances. Aflatoxin In areas with a high incidence of liver cancer, especially in the south to corn-based grain local investigation, suggesting that the prevalence of liver cancer may be related to aflatoxin contamination of food. The content of aflatoxin M1, a metabolite of aflatoxin B1 in human urine, is very high, and aflatoxin B1 is the strongest carcinogenic agent of animal liver cancer, but there is no direct evidence of the relationship with human liver cancer; 4, drinking water pollution Jiangsu Qidong ditch water drinkers liver cancer incidence rate of 60 to 101/100,000, drinking well water only 0 to 19/100,000, drinking ditch water relative risk of 3.00, the survey It is found that there is a kind of algae producing algae toxin in the ditch water, which may be a clue of drinking water pollution and liver cancer; 5. . In alcoholic hepatitis or liver cirrhosis, the decrease of Kupffer cells may increase the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. 7.Other carcinogenic substances or carcinogenic factors that cause liver cancer are suspected to include: alcoholism; nitrosamines; pesticides such as organochlorines; trace elements; water, soil and food in endemic areas of liver cancer; high copper and low molybdenum in hair and blood of people; biliary tract epithelial hyperplasia stimulated by the Chinese branching testes; trace elements, sex hormones, radioactive substances, parasites, alcoholism, smoking and genetic factors. Through the above understanding, we know that there are many factors that lead to liver cancer, including environmental, irresistible and bad habits, and we should do a good job in prevention for those that we can control.