With the rapid development of China’s economy, the gradual improvement of people’s living standards, the constant impact of foreign cultures on our traditional culture, and the encouragement of women’s drinking by wine and other alcohol advertisements, the rate of alcohol consumption among women is also increasing significantly. Compared to men, women generally start drinking at a later age than men, and once women start drinking they tend to develop alcohol dependence more rapidly than men. Women’s alcohol use is more harmful On the one hand, women respond differently to alcohol than men, and studies have shown that women experience drinking-related problems at relatively lower drinking levels. The reason for this is that women have a lower average body weight and less body fat and water than men, and alcohol has minimal content in fat; in addition, changes in hormone levels during a woman’s menstrual cycle may also affect the metabolism of alcohol. Therefore, when the same amount of alcohol is consumed, women of the same weight will have higher blood alcohol concentrations and suffer more from alcohol-related liver and heart disease, and there is also a relationship between alcohol consumption and breast cancer in women. On the other hand, despite current public health campaigns and clinical guidelines emphasizing the dangers of drinking during pregnancy and lactation, a significant number of women continue to drink alcohol during their pregnancy and lactation. Women who drink alcohol during pregnancy may experience complications such as miscarriage, stillbirth, and preterm delivery; injuries caused by intoxication; alcohol withdrawal reactions during pregnancy, delivery, or postpartum, and related somatic comorbidities. In contrast, alcohol consumption by breastfeeding mothers can result in decreased quality of breast milk, early interruption of breastfeeding, effects on infant psychomotor development, and sleep-wake disturbances in infants.