Varicocele is an obstruction of reflux or valve failure in the spermatic plexus causing blood stagnation, resulting in elongation, tortuosity and dilatation of the trabecular plexus. It is one of the common diseases of the male genitourinary system, with a prevalence of about 10%-15%, mostly on the left side, mostly in adolescence and occasionally in prepubescence. Varicocele affects sperm production in the testes, sperm storage, transport and energy acquisition in the epididymis, metabolite reflux and immunity, which affects the growth, development, movement and fertilization of sperm, making the quality of semen seriously impaired and thus affecting fertility. Varicocele accounts for 19% to 41% of male infertility and 30% to 50% of primary infertility patients. Varicocele accounts for 15-20% of male infertility. At present, WHO has listed it as the first cause of male infertility. And at present, the proportion of infertile couples in China has reached about 10%. Compared with other procedures, microscopic spermatic vein ligation through the external ring has the following advantages: it can completely avoid damaging arteries, arterial branches and vas deferens, there is no possibility of testicular atrophy, the spermatic lymphatic vessels are preserved during the operation, which can minimize the occurrence of testicular syringomyelia and scrotal edema, and the varicose veins, branches and side branches are fully ligated, so the recurrence rate after the operation is low. The advantages are outstanding, less trauma, less pain, lower cost, less complications, lower recurrence rate, exact efficacy, and safe minimally invasive treatment technique.