Gliomas are the most common intracranial tumors and include two types of tumors with different degrees of malignancy, one formed by neural mesenchymal cells. These include astrocytoma, astroblastoma, mesenchymal astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, pineal cell tumor, ventricular meningioma, choroidal papilloma, glioblastoma multiforme, polar glioblastoma, and medulloblastoma. The other type of tumor is formed by neurons, including ganglioneuroblastoma, ganglioglioma, and ganglioblastoma. Gliomas tend to grow aggressively and should be treated with surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of treatments depending on the type of pathology and the patient’s physical condition. Some gliomas are large at the time of diagnosis, and even if surgery is performed, only part of the tumor can be removed and decompression of the debridement flap can be performed according to the condition, which has poor therapeutic effect. Some gliomas are found early, small in size, and located in the frontal or temporal lobe, small bone flap craniotomy can be performed to remove the tumor, or even remove the frontal or temporal pole, and the bone flap can be repositioned and fixed. Compared with conventional surgery, endoscopic surgery is less invasive, has a wider and clearer field of view, and is more effective.