Thalassemia is a genetic disease, usually mild thalassemia is relatively mild and does not affect life expectancy. Thalassemia is a group of familial hereditary hemolytic anemia diseases, with alpha and beta thalassemia being the most common, classified as mild, medium and heavy. In mild thalassemia, the survival period is generally not affected, it can be the same as normal, and marriage and childbirth can be performed (both spouses need to undergo genetic counseling and testing for relevant genes before marriage) basically without affecting daily life. Mild thalassemia, often detected during the investigation of a family history of the disease or during examinations during pregnancy, usually has a hemoglobin greater than 90 g/l and usually does not require treatment to be given. There are no effective drugs for this disease and only allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, i.e. bone marrow transplantation, is available to achieve a radical cure. In addition, patients with a definite diagnosis of thalassemia need to have regular blood tests and pay attention to avoiding strain and preventing infection to avoid sudden aggravation of the disease.