1, indigestion and reflux gastritis The gallbladder has at least the function of storage, concentration and contraction. Of course it also has complex chemical and immune functions. The gallbladder can concentrate the dilute liver bile 30 times and store it in the gallbladder, and when eating a high-fat diet, the bile is discharged into the intestine to participate in digestion. If the gallbladder is removed, the patient no longer has a high quality and sufficient amount of bile to help him eat a high-fat diet, so his body has to suffer from bloating, indigestion and diarrhea. However, this symptom is often ignored by surgeons and referred to gastroenterology, making it a “persistent problem” difficult to treat in internal medicine. In addition, there are many reports of duodenal fluid reflux and gastric fluid reflux after cholecystectomy. 2, the problem of bile duct injury after cholecystectomy It is well known that cholecystectomy has a certain rate of bile duct injury; and there is a certain mortality rate, which is 5-8% in the early stage and still 0.17%. Surgical injuries include: bile duct injury, hepatic duct injury, vascular injury, gastrointestinal injury, etc. Among the bile duct injury cases, those caused by gallbladder removal account for 75%. In the United States, for example, about 500,000 cholecystectomies are performed each year, so there will be thousands of cases of bile duct injury each year. Our country has a large population, gallbladder stone removal cases should be above the United States, especially there is a certain mortality rate, if you seriously calculate the harm caused by gallbladder removal, will certainly shudder! Huang Zhiqiang, the master of biliary surgery in China, shouted out: bile duct injury is the “eternal pain” of biliary surgeons! As a general surgeon can not avoid the problem of bile duct injury! The desperate and painful faces of patients with bile duct injury can never be forgotten! Compared with cholecystectomy, it is impossible to injure the organs around the gallbladder, plus, considering the physiological defects and immune function brought about by cholecystectomy, it should be carefully considered if cholecystectomy is hastily chosen to treat gallbladder stones. The incidence of common bile duct stones is increased after cholecystectomy. The incidence of common bile duct stones is 2:1 in patients with and without gallbladder removal. After removal of the gallbladder, the gallbladder loses its buffering effect on the fluid pressure in the common bile duct, resulting in an increase in the pressure in the common bile duct, causing compensatory dilation and thus a vortex or eddy in the bile flow in the common bile duct. In this way, cholecystectomy avoids the risk of “recurrence” of gallbladder stones after surgery, but invites the scourge of “growing common bile duct stones”, which stone is the most dangerous and which is more important? Moorehead analyzed 100 cases of gallbladder resection patients over 60 years old, 12 cases of colon cancer after surgery, while only 3 cases of colon cancer among 100 patients without gallbladder resection after surgery. Regarding the relationship between cholecystectomy and colon cancer, bile acids secreted by the liver are primary bile acids, which interact with Escherichia coli in the colon to produce secondary bile acids. After cholecystectomy, secondary bile acids increase greatly, and this substance can stimulate the mitotic enhancement tendency of colon mucosa, which increases the incidence of colon cancer, especially ascending colon cancer. 5.Post cholecystectomy syndrome In the past, the term “post cholecystectomy syndrome” was a vague concept. Only postoperative inflammation and dyskinesia of the sphincter of Oddi can be called “postoperative syndrome”, which is clinically difficult to treat.