Prof. Tang Yujun has been engaged in clinical, teaching and scientific research of TCM and TCM for more than 30 years, with rich experience and knowledge, specializing in the treatment of Acute Leukemia (AL) and other hematologic diseases, especially the hot spot and difficult point of clinical research on anti-acute leukemia relapse, and his treatment method has been applied to produce good therapeutic effect in the clinic. The views and experiences of Professor Tang in the process of anti-acute leukemia relapse using Chinese medicine are summarized to clarify the ideas and methods of treatment. Tang Yujun, Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China 1.1 The etiology and pathogenesis of AL is a clonal malignant disease originating from the hematopoietic system. It belongs to the categories of “deficiency labor”, “acute labor”, “hot labor” and “100-day labor” in Chinese medicine. The main causative factors of AL are warmth, heat (toxicity), phlegm, stasis and deficiency (qi). The main causative factors of AL are warmth, heat (toxin), phlegm, stasis, and deficiency (qi deficiency, yin deficiency, blood deficiency, spleen deficiency, kidney deficiency, yang deficiency). For the understanding of the pathogenesis, there is the theory that AL is caused by deficiency, i.e., it is believed that the formation of AL is caused by deficiency of the five organs, loss of essence, and the kidney is not in charge of the bone and marrow, and then the deficiency of evil, the wind of thieves takes advantage of the kidney and damages the bone and marrow, or the internal injury causes the internal growth of evil and toxicity, resulting in the intersection of blood stasis and phlegm condensation; there is the theory that AL is caused by disease and deficiency, i.e., it is believed that there is evil and toxicity in the first place, and then the warmth and toxicity attack outside, the onset of the disease is rapid, the heat and toxicity enters the marrow and injures the blood, causing blood stasis, and the blood does not follow the meridians due to blood stasis. The premise of AL is that the positive does not prevail over the evil, and that the original deficiency is a symptom of the real, and that the struggle between the positive and the evil runs through the whole course of the disease. The main treatment for AL has made great progress in recent years, and the complete remission rate (CR) has reached a high level, but the relapse after CR in the clinical treatment of AL greatly affects the quality of survival of leukemia patients. Chinese medicine has shown its relative advantages in the treatment of AL, unlike chemotherapy drugs. 2.1 Heat-clearing and detoxification method: Applicable to the whole process of AL treatment. The clinical symptoms of the patient are dryness and bitterness of the enclosure, ulcers in the enclosure or tongue, dry stools, yellow urine, red tongue, yellow tongue coating, and fine pulse. Treatment with heat and detoxification formula (experience formula). Medicines used: raw earth, dandruff, gypsum, Zhi Mu, forsythia, small thistle, Gong Ying, Qing Dai, Xiong Huang. 2.2 Softening and dispersing method: Applicable after partial remission of AL. The patient still has clinical symptoms of enlarged liver, spleen, lymph nodes or infiltration in other areas (such as skin, testicles, etc.). The treatment is based on the formula for softening and dispersing nodules and eliminating symptoms (empirical formula). Medicines used: Xia Ku Cao, Tu Bei Mu, Bai Hua Shi Tong Cao, Lian Qiao, Huang Yao Zi, Gua Gua, Dan Shen, Hong Hua, Citrus aurantium. 2.3 Activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis method: Applicable after partial remission of AL. The patient still has clinical symptoms of hepatosplenomegaly, sternal pressure pain, dark stasis or petechiae on the tongue, and astringent pulse. The treatment is to add and subtract Blood Mansions and Stasis Removal Tang. Medicinal uses: peach kernel, safflower, salvia, red peony, curcuma longa, hedgehog, turtle nail, white flowered snake tongue herb, centipede, stiff silkworm, pig ling. 2.4 Benefit qi and nourish yin method: Applicable to the whole course of AL. The patient’s clinical symptoms include spontaneous sweating, night sweating, fatigue, heart trouble, heat in the hands and feet, easy to catch a cold, etc. The tongue is light or reddish, with yellow or little moss and a weak pulse. Treatment: Benefit Qi and nourish Yin formula (experienced formula). Medicinal uses: Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng, Radix Astragali, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Rhizoma Atractylodes Macrocephala, Fructus Lycii, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephala, Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati, Radix et Rhizoma Forsythiae Sinensis, Radix et Rhizoma Turtle A. 2.5 Method of tonifying Qi and nourishing Blood: Applicable after complete or partial remission of AL. Patients have clinical symptoms of unfulfilled qi and blood, manifesting as weakness, palpitations, spontaneous sweating, lack of facial color, etc. The tongue is pale, with yellowish white or yellow tongue coating and weak pulse. The treatment is based on the formula of tonifying Qi and nourishing Blood (empirical formula). 2.6 Strengthening the spleen and tonifying the kidney method: Applicable after complete or partial remission of AL (or induced remission), the patient has clinical symptoms of weakness, lumbar weakness, dullness, poor mental health, pale or reddish tongue, yellow or thin yellow tongue coating, and weak or sunken pulse. The treatment is based on the formula of strengthening the spleen and tonifying the kidney (empirical formula). The treatment of AL is based on the flexible application of the principles of TCM and the use of different methods or a combination of methods for each case, which provides the clinical applicability and feasibility of TCM against the relapse of acute leukemia. development, in most cases, is due to the imbalance of yin and yang. Malignant hyperplasia caused by a serious imbalance of the three lineages of bone marrow hematopoietic cells (red lineage, granulocyte lineage, and megakaryocyte lineage) can be considered to be more closely related to the bias in Chinese medicine. Regulating yin and yang and bringing them into balance is an important treatment to maintain long-term remission of leukemia and to avoid or delay its recurrence. Commonly used drugs are: Pueraria Mirifica, Pimpinella, Ginseng, Poria, Glycyrrhiza, Coix Seed, Almond, Hypericum, etc. 3.2 Clearing heat and detoxification method: This method is a common treatment against AL relapse. Most domestic scholars believe that the main causative factors of AL are warmth, heat, toxicity, phlegm, stasis and deficiency, and among these factors, warmth, heat and toxicity are the most common and important. Even if the patient enters into complete remission, there is still a possibility that the remaining toxins are not cleared or even relapse. Therefore, the treatment of clearing heat and detoxification is always throughout the whole process of AL treatment, only that the focus is different in different stages and for different patients. Commonly used drugs are: white flower and snake tongue grass, Gong Ying, forsythia, Yin Hua, Pan Lan Gen, gardenia, etc. 3.3 Benefit Qi and nourish Yin method: In clinical practice, we observed that the application of this method, if appropriate, can delay or avoid the recurrence of AL. There are many patients in complete remission who take the formula of benefitting qi and nourishing yin for a long time or directly take Liu Wei Di Huang Wan, which has obvious effect and has good effect on AL anti-relapse and prolonging the survival period of patients. Commonly used drugs are: Shengdi, Danpi, Red Peony, Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng, Atractylodes Macrocephalae, Shengma, Poria, etc. 3.4 Method of tonifying the kidneys and strengthening the spleen: the application of this method is an important measure to resist AL recurrence. Chinese medicine believes that qi and blood are closely related to spleen and kidney, which has been recognized by most scholars in China in the treatment of aplastic anemia, but has not yet attracted sufficient attention in the treatment of AL. We believe that the importance of the method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening the spleen is enhanced in the induction remission period, intensive treatment period and consolidation treatment period of AL in that order. Practice also proves that the long-term surviving patients we have treated have applied the method of strengthening the spleen and tonifying the kidney to varying degrees. Commonly used drugs include: Tai Shen, Atractylodes, Poria, Astragalus, Fructus Lycii, Huang Jing, Zhi Mu, Epimedium, etc. 3.5 Section of intercourse, avoid labor and epidemic, appropriate cold and warmth: this is a factor to avoid and delay AL recurrence. In clinical treatment, some young patients have relapsed due to frequent intercourse activities after AL remission; some patients have relapsed due to work strain or excessive family burden after working again; some patients have relapsed due to cold. All these tell us that we should try to avoid some triggers of relapse so that patients can survive for a long time until they are finally cured.