What to look for in patients at high risk of acute renal impairment

  High-dose cholesterol-lowering drugs reduce the incidence of acute renal impairment in patients undergoing coronary intervention for acute coronary syndromes, according to research presented at the 62nd ACC meeting. Patients enrolled in this study were at high risk for acute renal impairment.  Previous studies have shown that the administration of various statins prior to coronary intervention protects renal function. In this study, a total of 504 patients were randomized to the statin treatment group and the control group, all patients were not previously taking statins and all patients were given iohexol for coronary angiography to clarify that the statin group significantly improved their outcome (6.7% vs. 15.1%).  Prof. Anna Toso concluded that preoperative statin treatment was beneficial in all subgroups, especially in patients with creatinine clearance below “60 ml/min, with an incidence of renal impairment of 8.6% compared to 20.9% in the control group. The number of patients undergoing coronary angiography for acute coronary syndromes is gradually increasing, including some elderly patients with multiple risk factors.  Adverse clinical events such as death, dialysis, heart attack, stroke, and persistent renal impairment at 30 days were better in the statin group than in the control group, 3.9% in the statin group compared to 7.9% in the control group.  Toso concluded that our study showed that early treatment with high doses of statin protects against renal impairment in patients with contrast-induced acute coronary syndrome, suggesting that patients with acute coronary syndrome should be treated with statin early, especially before imaging, in order to achieve good results in reducing renal complications.  This study is part of PRATO-ACS, which focuses on assessing the pleiotropic effects of resulvastatin.  The investigators believe that a multicenter study is needed to assess its effectiveness.